Community genetic interactions mediate indirect ecological effects between a parasitoid wasp and rhizobacteria

Zytynska, Sharon E.; Fleming, Sarah; Tétard‐Jones, Catherine; Kertesz, Michael A.; Preziosi, Richard F.

doi:10.1890/09-2070.1

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…These results are consistent with community genetics results from other systems (e.g. [4,7,8,[77][78][79]). However, our unique experimental manipulations involving genotypic diversity in multiple coexisting species have exposed novel direct genetic effects that influence species abundance, and potential feedbacks between these effects and genotypic composition in other species in the community.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fine-scale community and genetic structure are tightly linked in species-rich grasslands

Whitlock

Bilton

Grime

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Recent evidence indicates that grassland community structure and species diversity are influenced by genetic variation within species. We review what is known regarding the impact of intraspecific diversity on grassland community structure, using an ancient limestone pasture as a focal example. Two genotype-dependent effects appear to modify community structure in this system. First, the abundance of individual constituent species can depend upon the combined influence of direct genetic effects stemming from individuals within the population. Second, the outcome of localized interspecific interactions occurring within the community can depend on the genotypes of participating individuals (indicating indirect genetic effects). Only genotypic interactions are thought to be capable of allowing the long-term coexistence of both genotypes and species. We discuss the implications of these effects for the maintenance of diversity in grasslands. Next, we present new observations indicating that losses of genotypic diversity from each of two species can be predicted by the abundance of other coexisting species within experimental grassland communities. These results suggest genotypespecific responses to abundance in other coexisting species. We conclude that both direct and indirect genetic effects are likely to shape community structure and species coexistence in grasslands, implying tight linkage between fine-scale genetic and community structure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Fine-scale community and genetic structure are tightly linked in species-rich grasslands

Whitlock

Bilton

Grime

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Studies that simultaneously manipulate the genetic composition of multiple species and other environmental attributes will be a necessary first step towards understanding the importance of G Â G Â E interactions on demography and community structure (e.g. [55,56]). …”

Section: What Is the Relative Importance Of Intraspecific Genetic Varmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community genetics: what have we accomplished and where should we be going?

Hersch‐Green

Turley

Johnson

2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

118

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Research in community genetics seeks to understand how the dynamic interplay between ecology and evolution shapes simple and complex communities and ecosystems. A community genetics perspective, however, may not be necessary or informative for all studies and systems. To better understand when and how intraspecific genetic variation and microevolution are important in community and ecosystem ecology, we suggest future research should focus on three areas: (i) determining the relative importance of intraspecific genetic variation compared with other ecological factors in mediating community and ecosystem properties; (ii) understanding the importance of microevolution in shaping ecological dynamics in multi-trophic communities; and (iii) deciphering the phenotypic and associated genetic mechanisms that drive community and ecosystem processes. Here, we identify key areas of research that will increase our understanding of the ecology and evolution of complex communities but that are currently missing in community genetics. We then suggest experiments designed to meet these current gaps.

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“…This has been shown to occur by active choice (host preference) of the aphid and to a small extent, through effects on reproductive performance. Our results indicate that aphid choice behavior could lead to assortative associations of aphid genotypes and barley genotypes, and the influence of these genetically-based interactions between aphid and plant could have evolutionary effects for the rest of the interacting community (Astles et al 2005;Bukovinszky et al 2008;Zytynska et al 2010). However, the use of even a single host genotype by all aphid genotypes, such as BCD47 in this study, could decrease the effect on higher trophic organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Previous work has demonstrated that genetically based interactions between species can influence the phenotypes of both the directly and indirectly interacting individuals (Service 1984;Carius et al 2001;Tétard-Jones et al 2007;Zytynska et al 2010). For example, the indirect effect of a soil rhizobacteria on the body-size (fitness) of a parasitoid wasp was mediated by genotypic interactions between the linking barley and aphid species (Zytynska et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the indirect effect of a soil rhizobacteria on the body-size (fitness) of a parasitoid wasp was mediated by genotypic interactions between the linking barley and aphid species (Zytynska et al 2010). For any evolutionary effect of these inter-specific interactions to occur there is a need for non-random association of genotypes from each species across many generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic interactions influence host preference and performance in a plant-insect system

Zytynska

Preziosi

2011

Evol Ecol

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Phytophagous insects generally feed on a restricted range of host plants, using a number of different sensory and behavioural mechanisms to locate and recognize their host plants. Phloem-feeding aphids have been shown to exhibit genetic variation for host preference of different plant species and genetic variation within a plant species can also have an effect on aphid preference and acceptance. It is known that genotypic interactions between barley genotypes and Sitobion avenae aphid genotypes influence aphid fitness, but it is unknown if these different aphid genotypes exhibit active host choice (preference) for the different barley genotypes. Active host choice by aphid genotypes for particular plant genotypes would lead to assortative association (non-random association) between the different aphid and plant genotypes. The performance of each aphid genotype on the plant genotypes also has the ability to enhance these interactions, especially if the aphid genotypes choose the plant genotype that also infers the greatest fitness. In this study, we demonstrate that different aphid genotypes exhibit differential preference and performance for different barley genotypes. Three out of four aphid genotypes exhibited preference for (or against) particular barley genotypes that were not concordant with differences in their reproductive rate on the specific barley genotype. This suggests active host choice of aphids is the primary mechanism for the observed pattern of non-random associations between aphid and barley genotypes. In a community context, such genetic associations between the aphids and barley can lead to population-level changes within the aphid species. These interactions may also have evolutionary effects on the surrounding interacting community, especially in ecosystems of limited species and genetic diversity.

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Community genetic interactions mediate indirect ecological effects between a parasitoid wasp and rhizobacteria

Cited by 24 publications

References 22 publications

Fine-scale community and genetic structure are tightly linked in species-rich grasslands

Fine-scale community and genetic structure are tightly linked in species-rich grasslands

Community genetics: what have we accomplished and where should we be going?

Genetic interactions influence host preference and performance in a plant-insect system

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