Community‐acquired <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> pneumonia among hospitalized children in Hawaii

Len, Kyra A.; Bergert, Lora; Patel, Shilpa J.; Melish, Marian; Kimata, Chieko; Erdem, Güliz

doi:10.1002/ppul.21269

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“… 40 Pneumonia caused by MRSA is associated with a higher rate of complications such as pleural effusion, pleural thickening, increased requirement for tube placement, pneumatoceles and high mortality rates with no differences in demographic data, days with fever, tachypnea, hypoxia, and length of hospital stay. 41 , 42 In this study, a higher frequency of complicated pneumonia was found [MRSA 13 (57%) vs. MSSA 5 (24%)]. Some studies have already described a particularly higher frequency of lung abscess and necrotizing pneumonia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Differences Between Methicillin-susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics

Camacho-Cruz

Gutiérrez

Brand-López

et al. 2021

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Background: The epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) has changed in recent years. The present article is intended to establish differences between clinical, laboratory and imaging findings and outcomes of MSSA and MRSA infections, as well as among subgroups of infection such as skin and soft tissue infection, osteoarticular, bacteremia or pneumonia in a pediatric population from Bogota, Colombia. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using clinical records of patients under 18 years of age treated at the participating centers in Bogota, Colombia, between 2014 and 2018. The first positive S. aureus culture was studied. MSSA and MRSA were compared. The χ 2 test, Fisher exact test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were calculated, and the statistical significance was presented using the difference and its 95% CI. Results: Five hundred fifty-one patients were included; 211 (38%) corresponded to MRSA and 340 (62%) to MSSA for a total of 703 cultures. A significantly higher probability of having an MSSA infection than MRSA was found in patients with previous heart disease (3.3% vs. 0.5%), neurologic disease (5.9% vs. 2.5%), recent major surgeries (11% vs. 5%) or who has an implanted device (11% vs. 4%). In contrast, in severe MRSA infections (bacteremia, osteoarticular infections and pneumonia), a higher rate of complications was seen (admission to the pediatric intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation and vasoactive support), and in osteoarticular MRSA, more than 1 surgery per case was seen (89% vs. 61%). Laboratory results and mortality were similar. Conclusions: MRSA was associated with a more severe course in bacteremia, osteoarticular infections and pneumonia. Some classical risk factors associated with MRSA infections were found to be related to MSSA. In general, with the exception of skin and soft tissue infection, there was an increased risk of pediatric intensive care unit admission and mechanical and inotropic support with MRSA in a pediatric population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 45%

Differences Between Methicillin-susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics

Camacho-Cruz

Gutiérrez

Brand-López

et al. 2021

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…After S. pneumoniae , S. aureus was the next most common pathogen, which was identified by culture in 17 pleural fluid and 2 blood specimens (12 MSSA, 7 MRSA) and by PCR in 13 specimens (Table 2). The occurrence of MRSA as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia and empyema is of particular concern because it is associated with more severe disease and a higher rate of complications than MSSA ( 9 ). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other important causes, which are becoming increasingly frequent in several countries, are methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) ( 2 , 7 , 8 ) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The latter is particularly problematic in indigenous communities ( 9 ). Other commonly identified organisms include S. pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae , Mycoplasma pneumoniae , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and other Streptococcus spp ( 10 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Causes of Empyema in Children, Australia, 2007–2009

Strachan

Cornelius

Gilbert

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…Previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of MRSA infections in the State of Hawaiʻi compared to the national average [ 18 , 19 ]. Native Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders, and children are disproportionately affected and have a higher infection rate of community-acquired MRSA infections [ 13 , 20 , 21 ]. A steady increase in the proportion of MRSA, compared to MSSA infections, has been reported in inpatient and outpatient clinics, jails, and nursing homes in Hawaiʻi [ 13 , 20 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Surveillance and Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus aureus at Coastal Beaches and Rivers on the Island of Hawaiʻi

et al. 2021

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Staphylococcus aureus are human facultative pathogenic bacteria and can be found as contaminants in the environment. The aim of our study was to determine whether methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolated from coastal beach and river waters, anchialine pools, sand, and wastewater on the island of Hawaiʻi, Hawaiʻi, are a potential health risk. Samples were collected from three regions on Hawaiʻi Island from July to December 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic and were characterized using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). From WGS data, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), SCCmec type, antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence factors, and plasmids were identified. Of the 361 samples, 98.1% were positive for Staphylococcus spp. and 7.2% were S. aureus positive (n = 26); nine MRSA and 27 MSSA strains were characterized; multiple isolates were chosen from the same sample in two sand and seven coastal beach water samples. The nine MRSA isolates were multi-drug resistant (6–9 genes) sequence type (ST) 8, clonal complex (CC) 8, SCCmec type IVa (USA300 clone), and were clonally related (0–16 SNP differences), and carried 16–19 virulence factors. The 27 MSSA isolates were grouped into eight CCs and 12 STs. Seventy-eight percent of the MSSA isolates carried 1–5 different antibiotic resistance genes and carried 5–19 virulence factors. We found S. aureus in coastal beach and river waters, anchialine pools, and sand at locations with limited human activity on the island of Hawaiʻi. This may be a public health hazard.

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Community‐acquired Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia among hospitalized children in Hawaii

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Differences Between Methicillin-susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics

Differences Between Methicillin-susceptible Versus Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Pediatrics

Bacterial Causes of Empyema in Children, Australia, 2007–2009

Environmental Surveillance and Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Staphylococcus aureus at Coastal Beaches and Rivers on the Island of Hawaiʻi

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