Communication and Shared Reality: Implications for the Psychological Foundations of Culture

Lau, Ivy Yee-Man; Chiu, Chi‐yue; Lee, Sau-lai

doi:10.1521/soco.19.3.350.21467

Cited by 58 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Cultural knowledge forms the basis for a person's social reality; and the rules and guidelines that define this reality are passed on during child rearing and are reinforced by interactions with others (Lau et al 2001). Interest in the influence of culture on consumer behavior has increased and broadened considerably, spurred by the recent globalization of markets and diversification of consumer segments (Douglas and Craig 1997).…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring personal cultural orientations: scale development and validation

Sharma

2009

J. of the Acad. Mark. Sci.

306

433

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Cross-cultural studies using Hofstede's national scores to operationalize his five cultural factors at an individual level suffer from ecological fallacy, and those using self-report scales treat cultural factors as unidimensional constructs and provide little or no evidence of the construct validity and measurement equivalence of these scales. This paper reconceptualizes Hofstede's five cultural factors as ten personal cultural orientations and develops a new 40-item scale to measure them. It also establishes the validity, reliability, and cross-cultural measurement equivalence of the new scale, and discusses its advantages over other scales.

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Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring personal cultural orientations: scale development and validation

Sharma

2009

J. of the Acad. Mark. Sci.

306

433

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“…Strauss (2004) finds that the perceived sharedness (or cultural standing) of an idea determines in which kinds of conversations or discourses it gets expressed. As noted earlier, perceptions that an idea is shared by one's audience makes communicators more likely to Unpacking Influences of Culture 11 use them as common ground (Krauss & Chiu, 1998;Lau, Chiu, & Lee, 2001). For example, studies on group decision makings have shown that decision-makers are likely to discuss the group norms when other people are known to share the same norms (Postmes, Spears, & Cihangir, 2001).…”

Section: Perceived Cultural Consensus -A Distinct Constructmentioning

confidence: 99%

Culture as common sense: Perceived consensus versus personal beliefs as mechanisms of cultural influence.

Zou¹,

Tam²,

Morris³

et al. 2009

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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316

358

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We propose that culture affects people through their perceptions of what is consensually believed.Whereas past research has examined whether cultural differences in social judgment are mediated by differences in individuals' personal values and beliefs, we investigate whether they are mediated by differences in individuals' perceptions of the views of people around them. We propose that individuals who perceive that traditional views are culturally consensual (e.g.,Chinese participants who believe that most of their fellows hold collectivistic values) will themselves behave and think in culturally typical ways. Four studies of previously wellestablished cultural differences found that cultural differences were mediated by participants' perceived consensus as much as by participants' personal views. This held true for cultural differences in the bases of compliance (Study 1), attributional foci (Study 2), and counterfactual thinking styles (Study 3). To tease apart the effect of consensus perception from other possibly associated individual differences, Study 4 experimentally manipulated which of two cultures was salient to bicultural participants and found that judgments were guided by their perception of the consensual view of the salient culture.

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“…Perceived descriptive norms play a key role in perpetuating cultural patterns of thinking (Chiu, Gelfand, Yamagishi, Shteynberg, & Wan, 2011;Lau, Lee, & Chiu, 2001). Broadly speaking, culture is a network of ideas and practices that are widely shared in the society and transmitted across generations (Chiu, Ng, & Au, 2013;Morris, Chiu, & Liu, 2015).…”

Section: Perceived Descriptive Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%