2021
DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061359
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Abstract: mTOR regulates several processes that control tumor development, including cancer cell growth, angiogenesis and the immune response to tumor. Accordingly, mTOR inhibitors have been thoroughly explored in cancer therapy but have failed to provide long-lasting anticancer benefits. Several resistance mechanisms that counteract the antitumor effect of mTOR inhibitors have been identified and have highlighted the need to use mTOR inhibitors in combination therapies. In this context, emerging evidence has demonstrat… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(24 citation statements)
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References 116 publications
(163 reference statements)
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“…Many articles have reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway which is activated by phosphorylation is involved in the invasion of cancer cells (49)(50)(51) and participates directing immune cell differentiation and function (52). Li et al found that B7-H3 overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of human bladder cancer cells and that B7-H3 knockdown suppressed the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 via the PI3K/ AKT/STAT3 signaling pathway (53) (Figure 3).…”
Section: Pi3k/aktmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Many articles have reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway which is activated by phosphorylation is involved in the invasion of cancer cells (49)(50)(51) and participates directing immune cell differentiation and function (52). Li et al found that B7-H3 overexpression promoted the migration and invasion of human bladder cancer cells and that B7-H3 knockdown suppressed the expression of MMP2 and MMP9 via the PI3K/ AKT/STAT3 signaling pathway (53) (Figure 3).…”
Section: Pi3k/aktmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many articles have reported that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway which is activated by phosphorylation is involved in the invasion of cancer cells ( 49 51 ) and participates directing immune cell differentiation and function ( 52 ). Li et al.…”
Section: The Signaling Pathways Mediated By B7-h3 In a Distinct Mannermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As previously mentioned, this step of T cell activation requires aerobic glycolysis for rapid ATP production together with the Warburg effect necessary for nucleotide generation, lipid synthesis, and biomass induction [83]. The primary regulators for these mechanisms are the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) induced downstream via phosphoinositide 3-kinase-protein kinase B (PI3K-AKT) signaling and c-Myc [84].…”
Section: Cd4 T Lymphocytes and Fatty Acid Metabolismmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Modulating the tumor-extrinsic activities of mTOR signaling has also been known to determine the anti-tumor response induced by anti-PD-1 therapy. Typically, mTOR inhibition (e.g., rapamycin and rapalogs) has been understood to elicit immunosuppression; however, recent reports indicate potential immune-boosting functions following the pharmacological or genetic ablation of mTOR signaling pathways (44,45). For instance, induction of CD8 memory T cell formation or reduction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells appear to be controlled by mTOR inhibition (51,52).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although some patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapies respond favorably, most patients undergo disease progression without any clinical benefit (41)(42)(43); this highlights the importance of combining therapies that enhance anti-tumor immunity. Recently, mTOR inhibitors in combination with anti-PD-1 have been reported to provide more durable and synergistic tumor regression than that by either agent alone (44,45). Therefore, we assessed the impact of this combined treatment of antibody-mediated PD-1 blockade along with lomitapide on tumor growth, thereby determining whether it could improve the responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy.…”
Section: Lomitapide Enhances the Therapeutic Effect Of Anti-pd-1mentioning
confidence: 99%