Combining Ability for Yield, Oil Content, and Physio-Biochemical Characters of Canola (Brassica Napus L.) Under Salt Stress Conditions

Abstract

Creating a half-diallel cross succeeded among seven diverse canola genotypes. The obtained 21 F1 hybrids with their seven parents underwent three salinity stress levels exposure—3.91 dsm1 (Normal), 6.24 dsm-1 (S1), and 7.81 dsm-1 (S2) —during the 2020/2021 growing seasons. Salinity treatments significantly reduced days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches, pods/plant, 1000-seed weight, seed yield/plant, seed oil content, relative water content, calcium, potassium, and the ratio between K+ and Na+ compared with a normal condition. Proline content, osmotic pressure, and Na+ were considerably higher under salinity stress conditions. Highly significant differences showed among the parents and hybrids for all traits across the tested environments. General (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability effects were highly significant for all attributes. The parental genotypes Serw4 and Pactol resulted as good general combiners for increased seed oil content (SOC), seed yield/plant (SYPP), and some of its components in research environments. The hybrid combinations H2/S × Serw4 and Serw4 × Serw6 were good specific combiners for days to first flower (DTF), number of primary branches (NPB), number of pods per plant (NP), a thousand seed weight (TSW), seed yield per plant (SYPP), seed oil content (SOC), proline content (ProC), Ca++, and K+/Na+. The SDS-PAGE analysis of seed proteins indicated high levels of genetic variability and revealed some vital biochemical markers for salt tolerance.

Ameliorative impacts of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on seedling growth, physiological biomarkers, and gene expression in eight wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars under salt stress

“…Notably, this study revealed that the application of GABA had a significant impact on mitigating the negative effects of salinity stress on wheat plants. Additionally, GABA treatment increased the levels of antioxidant defense elements in wheat cultivars, regardless of the severity of the stress conditions [ 23 , 75 ]. The proline content increased when salt stress and GABA were applied simultaneously.…”

“…8A). Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on the morphological and biochemical traits of various wheat genotypes to assess the grouping and relationships between the studied genotypes under different salt stress conditions [15,23]. According to Fig.…”

“…The Fenton-/Haber-Weiss reaction can convert hydrogen peroxide into highly reactive hydroxyl radicals ( • OH) [ 1 , 21 ]. A recent study on plants revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play dual roles by facilitating specific vital biological cellular pathways [ 22 , 23 ]. Plants generate malondialdehyde (MDA) and other byproducts of lipid peroxidation due to oxidative stress produced by the excessive production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).…”

“…Furthermore, wheat employs several reactions and mechanisms, such as biochemical, physiological, morphological, and molecular mechanisms, to respond to salinity stress and facilitate the acquisition and maintenance of crucial cellular processes and pathways [ 4 , 23 ]. Liao et al [ 44 ] discovered that stomatal conductance is the immediate reaction to salinity stress tolerance.…”