Combined effects of drought stress and Armillaria infection on tree mortality in Norway spruce plantations

Holuša, Jaroslav; Lubojacký, Jan; Čurn, Vladislav; Tonka, Tomáš; Lukášová, Karolina; Horák, Jakub

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.01.031

Cited by 52 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We also checked for (c) the presence of resin on the stem, but this was highly correlated with the presence of rot (R s = 0.37; p < 0.001). This has been confirmed by current research [25], and we thus did not use resin indication for further analyses. We measured (d) the height of the breakage on the stem (mean = 246.57 ± 1.63 cm SE), and the height of snapped of trees inhabited by carpenter ant nests was 93.71 ± 12.20 SE (5-230) cm.…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

“…However, in Central Europe, it is often grown under unsuitable climatic conditions, which is reflected in its susceptibility to abiotic and biotic damage. Therefore, considerable attention has been paid to its damage [57][58][59] and the fungi associated with the species [25]. As C. ligniperdus inhabits fungus-infected trees, it can be seen as an indicator of weakened trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space, Habitat and Isolation are the Key Determinants of Tree Colonization by the Carpenter Ant in Plantation Forests

Véle

Horák

2019

Forests

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Forest plantations are still often considered the antithesis of real nature. However, plantations can host many organisms. The problem is that some of the hosted species are regarded ad hoc as pests. The main aim of our paper was to study the carpenter ant (Camponotus ligniperdus) in windstorm habitats. We studied forests in East Bohemia, Czech Republic, and focused on the spatial distribution of snapped trees and the influence of selected forest characteristics on the incidence of ant nests. We found that the nests in the study area mainly occurred in Norway spruce, which is the most commercially important tree in the majority of Central Europe. More than one quarter of the snapped trees were inhabited by the ants. We found that nests exhibited a spatially autocorrelated pattern that differed on spatial scales. The most important characteristic of the host tree for determining carpenter ant nests was the presence of brown rot, and the majority of tree nests were isolated from forest openings. The presence of carpenter ants in forest plantations is, therefore, not harmful. Their presence could be used by forest managers as an indication of unsuitable stand conditions for the successful growth of the Norway spruce and other coniferous plantation trees.

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supporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space, Habitat and Isolation are the Key Determinants of Tree Colonization by the Carpenter Ant in Plantation Forests

Véle

Horák

2019

Forests

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“…I. typographus in fact prefers vigorously growing trees that suffer from sudden drought stress (Führer et al, 1997). Acute water deficits of Norway spruce stands where soil conditions are usually moist is reported to trigger infestation by I. typographus, especially in lowland areas (Holuša et al, 2018). ÖBf forest stands situated in precipitation rich, natural distribution areas of Norway spruce were most of the time well water supplied and therefore less exposed to severe drought periods leading to acute tree stress.…”

Section: Incidence Of Bark Beetle Attack Depending On Site Water Suppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Netherer

Panassiti²,

Pennerstorfer

et al. 2019

Front. For. Glob. Change

132

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Infestations by the Eurasian spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus have recently caused peaks in Norway spruce mortality in Central European forests. In this study, we examined how temperature conditions, chronic and acute drought stress, and stand characteristics influence forest disturbance by the spruce bark beetle. We investigated bark beetle induced salvage logging in Norway spruce stands of Austrian Federal Forests (ÖBf) as a proxy variable for infestation/attack by I. typographus. Utilizing ÖBf forest inventory data and the monitoring tool PHENIPS-TDEF, a well-proven bark beetle phenology model combined with a forest water balance module, we retrospectively simulated effective temperature sums for bark beetle development and transpiration deficits at forest stand level. We examined forest stand properties and the model output variables as predictors of bark beetle attack in decision trees and binary logistic regression analysis. We found that I. typographus infestation increased with a stand predisposition index indicating high share of Norway spruce, increased stand age, and stand density. Stands subject to bark beetle attack in the previous year were highly prone to subsequent damage, which points to attack pressure from increased population densities due to ample supply of breeding material. While chronically dry soil conditions described as shallow, xeric, and of low moisture, were associated with bark beetle infestation to a lesser degree, acute drought in the form of increases in stand transpiration deficits proved to raise the probability of bark beetle attacks. The previous year's and current year's summer (June to August) TDEF total, in combination with effective thermal sums allowing for at least two bark beetle generations and sister broods, were significant predictors of bark beetle attack. We conclude from our results that in the absence of windthrow, a combination of ample host availability, favorable temperature conditions for bark beetle development, and acute disposition of trees to attack caused by drought stress can intensify population growth and very likely lead to bark beetle mass outbreaks.

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“…Supposedly, the numbers will increase continually. As a result, European beech will partially substitute languishing stands of Norway spruce (Lindner et al 2010;Holuša et al 2018). Some studies, however, point out European beech sensitive response to long-lasting drought (Jump et al 2006;Geßler et al 2007;Granier et al 2007;Cavin & Jump 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth variability of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) natural forests: Dendroclimatic study from Krkonoše National Park

Šimůnek

Vacek

et al. 2019

Central European Forestry Journal

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Long-term temporal development of beech stands in relation to climatic conditions is well documented by dendrochronological analyses. The study aims to identify and describe growth factors affecting natural European beech stands (Fagus sylvatica L.) on permanent research plots in the eastern Krkonoše Mountains, the Czech Republic. The paper focus on radial growth dynamics, frequency and cyclicity, and the effect of climatic factors on diameter increment of beech stands since 1850. The growth development of beech stands was significantly affected by air pollution load in 1977–1989, and increasingly frequent climate extremes in recent years (since 2010). Periodic increment events recurred in approximately 10–18 years’ periods. Stands on research plots responded differently to climatic factors, the main limiting factor being low temperatures during the growing season, frost damages and extreme droughts. The positive influence of temperatures on beech increments was recorded in winter, early spring, and especially in July and August of the current year. Conversely, precipitation in the previous year had higher impact on radial increment, with prevailing negative correlation. The plots were negatively affected by the decrease in sum of precipitation in February and March, but it was the temperature that influenced the beech increment most significantly. Dendrochronological analysis of close-to-nature beech stands provides valuable information on radial forest growth in response to changing climatic conditions.

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Combined effects of drought stress and Armillaria infection on tree mortality in Norway spruce plantations

Cited by 52 publications

References 45 publications

Space, Habitat and Isolation are the Key Determinants of Tree Colonization by the Carpenter Ant in Plantation Forests

Space, Habitat and Isolation are the Key Determinants of Tree Colonization by the Carpenter Ant in Plantation Forests

Acute Drought Is an Important Driver of Bark Beetle Infestation in Austrian Norway Spruce Stands

Growth variability of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) natural forests: Dendroclimatic study from Krkonoše National Park

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