Color Adsorption Performance of Bone Biocomponent for Textile Dyeing Effluent Treatment in Ethiopia

Abstract

The continued expansion of industrial growth has contributed significantly to the economic development of many countries. However, untreated discharge from the textile factory significant impacts freshwater and public health. The aim of this study is to explore the economical-local wastewater treatment for local textile industries. The experiment used the waste bones as a source of calcium-phosphate nanopowder (CNP) biocomponent, adsorbent for azo dye effluent treatment. An isolated biocomponent was analyzed using FTIR and UV-VIS, and its adsorption isotherm was also calculated. The FTIR analysis of CNP showed carbonates, amide, and high-intensity phosphate peaks of 1008 cm−1 and 1337 cm−1. The effect of contact time analyzed by UV-VIS absorption spectra revealed that 70% of color removal was achieved within 30 minutes and 60 minutes for disperse red 1 dye (DR1D) and DCT reactive blue 109 dyes (RB109D), respectively. In addition, the effects of the condition parameters on percentage color removal were analyzed using DOE response surface methodology. The maximum color removal performances are 98.65% and 96%, respectively, for DR1D and RB109D at neutral pH. The Langmuir isotherm was observed in the adsorption of RB109D effluent with an R2 value of 0.994 and the Freundlich isotherm in the adsorption of DR1D with an R2 value of 0.993. Finally, the gauge of the effectiveness of treatment was analyzed by COD, BOD, and TSS values before and after treatment. The maximum deduction percentages of COD, BOD, and TSS were 82, 87, and 70% from RB109D; 89, 90, and 89% from DR1D; and 82, 89, and 71% from the industry sample, respectively. Generally, the study showed that the current adsorbent was a good substitute for synthetic adsorbents.