Cold fronts in the Colombian Caribbean Sea and their relationship to extreme wave events

Royero, Juan Carlos Ortíz; Díaz, Luis Jesús Otero; Restrepo, Juan D.; Prieto-Ruíz, José Ángel; Cadena, M.

doi:10.5194/nhess-13-2797-2013

Cited by 70 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The results show historical events with large energetic content, representing storm propagation towards the coast. The bars are consistent with the meteomarine conditions during winter due to the strong winds and related to the trade winds and Cold Fronts passage on the study zone [6,7] The values of the month of July indicate low pressure events related to the hurricane seasons, with 300 events greater than 1. It is shown in Figure 12 the wave height rose calculated energetically by storm with the application AppMar 1.0 © .…”

Section: Figure 8 Mean and Maximum Monthly Number Of Stormssupporting

confidence: 71%

Development and Implementation of the Application APPMAR 1.0. A Toolbox for Management of Meteorological and Marine Data on Limited Information Regions

Rivillas-Ospina¹,

Bolívar²,

Maza-Chamorro³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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This work presents an application called APPMAR 1.0 based on Python ® environment, built to perform the downloading, treatment and analysis of meteorological and marine information. This application is composed of two main modules: the first module allows the downloading of information from the database (NOAA -WW3); the second module uses the principles of statistical mathematics for the treatment of waves and wind. The importance of this simple application is based on the free and agile access to meteorological and marine information for a coastal project. The determination of representative conditions of sea states ultimately will govern the process of design of coastal and oceanic infrastructure. The analysis of historical time series of local waves and winds allows the evaluation of average regimes or operational design, the ultimate limit states or extreme design, and the storms or design by persistence. In spite that the former analysis is a common task for coastal engineers, the codes generated are seldom shared for public use. In summary, for operational purposes is useful to have a freeware that can assist in the data processing for decision making and forcing of the mathematical models that are part of the common practice of coastal, oceanic and offshore engineering. This application has been tested in the Caribbean area of Colombia where meteorological and marine information are scarce.

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Section: Figure 8 Mean and Maximum Monthly Number Of Stormssupporting

confidence: 71%

Development and Implementation of the Application APPMAR 1.0. A Toolbox for Management of Meteorological and Marine Data on Limited Information Regions

Rivillas-Ospina¹,

Bolívar²,

Maza-Chamorro³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Conversely, the dry season of the year (from December to May) is influenced by the increase of trade winds from the northeast (Bernal et al, 2006;Paramo et al, 2011) and the passage of cold fronts coming from the Northern Hemisphere, an event which produces strong tides (Ortiz et al, 2013). Extreme wave heights covering return periods of 5 and 10 years show significant heights which oscillate between 3 and 4.2 m. Meanwhile, the extreme waves for return periods of 25, 50, and 100 years take significant height values which vary between 3.6 and 4.8 m.…”

Section: Analysis and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rising hot air cools down, producing clouds, storms, strong winds, and the pressure gradient in the area. Furthermore, it increases the wave height or swell through its passage along the Colombian Caribbean coast (Ortiz et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This event was the passage of a cold front in March 2009, when the associated waves caused 200 m of the pier at Puerto Colombia to collapse. Ortiz et al (2013) presented a characterization of cold fronts in the central region of the Colombian Caribbean and their relationship with extreme waves. The findings concluded that cold fronts have been the cause of the major waves in this region over the last 15 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Storms or cold fronts: what is really responsible for the extreme waves regime in the Colombian Caribbean coastal region?

Díaz

Royero

Ruiz-Merchan

et al. 2016

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The aim of this study is to determine the contribution and importance of cold fronts and storms to extreme waves in different areas of the Colombian Caribbean in an attempt to determine the extent of the threat posed by the flood processes to which these coastal populations are exposed. Furthermore, the study wishes to establish the actions to which coastal engineering constructions should be subject. In the calculation of maritime constructions, the most important parameter is the height of the wave. For this reason, it is necessary to establish the design wave height to which a coastal engineering structure should be resistant. This wave height varies according to the return period considered. The significant height values for the areas focused on in the study were calculated in accordance with Gumbel's extreme value methodology. The methodology was evaluated using data from the reanalysis of the spectral National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) WAVEWATCH III® (WW3) model for 15 points along the 1600 km of the Colombian Caribbean coastline (continental and insular) between the years 1979 and 2009. The results demonstrated that the extreme waves caused by tropical cyclones and those caused by cold fronts have different effects along the Colombian Caribbean coast. Storms and hurricanes are of greater importance in the Guajira Peninsula (Alta Guajira). In the central area (consisting of Baja Guajira, and the cities of Santa Marta, Barranquilla, and Cartagena), the strong impact of cold fronts on extreme waves is evident. However, in the southern region of the Colombian Caribbean coast (ranging from the Gulf of Morrosquillo to the Gulf of Urabá), the extreme values of wave heights are lower than in the previously mentioned regions, despite being dominated mainly by the passage of cold fronts. Extreme waves in the San Andrés and Providencia insular region present a different dynamic from that in the continental area due to their geographic location. The wave heights in the extreme regime are similar in magnitude to those found in Alta Guajira, but the extreme waves associated with the passage of cold fronts in this region have lower return periods than those associated with the hurricane season.

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“…There have only been a few previous climatological studies of the relationship between atmospheric conditions and H s values: Ortiz‐Royero et al . [] associated extreme wave events in the Caribbean Sea with cold frontal events; Pingree‐Shippee et al . [] investigated a few case studies of storms and extremes wave heights in the Bering and Chukchi Sea and found stationary storms produce the largest, steepest waves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

North Atlantic storm driving of extreme wave heights in the North Sea

2017

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The relationship between storms and extreme ocean waves in the North Sea is assessed using a long‐period wave data set and storms identified in the Interim ECMWF Re‐Analysis (ERA‐Interim). An ensemble sensitivity analysis is used to provide information on the spatial and temporal forcing from mean sea‐level pressure and surface wind associated with extreme ocean wave height responses. Extreme ocean waves in the central North Sea arise due to intense extratropical cyclone winds from either the cold conveyor belt (northerly‐wind events) or the warm conveyor belt (southerly‐wind events). The largest wave heights are associated with northerly‐wind events which tend to have stronger wind speeds and occur as the cold conveyor belt wraps rearward round the cyclone to the cold side of the warm front. The northerly‐wind events provide a larger fetch to the central North Sea to aid wave growth. Southerly‐wind events are associated with the warm conveyor belts of intense extratropical cyclones that develop in the left upper tropospheric jet exit region. Ensemble sensitivity analysis can provide early warning of extreme wave events by demonstrating a relationship between wave height and high pressure to the west of the British Isles for northerly‐wind events 48 h prior. Southerly‐wind extreme events demonstrate sensitivity to low pressure to the west of the British Isles 36 h prior.

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Cold fronts in the Colombian Caribbean Sea and their relationship to extreme wave events

Abstract: Abstract. Extreme ocean waves in the Caribbean

Cited by 70 publications

References 17 publications

Development and Implementation of the Application APPMAR 1.0. A Toolbox for Management of Meteorological and Marine Data on Limited Information Regions

Development and Implementation of the Application APPMAR 1.0. A Toolbox for Management of Meteorological and Marine Data on Limited Information Regions

Storms or cold fronts: what is really responsible for the extreme waves regime in the Colombian Caribbean coastal region?

North Atlantic storm driving of extreme wave heights in the North Sea

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