Cold Crack Monitoring and Localization in Welding Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

Jinachandran, Sagar; Ning, Yimiao; Wu, Bintao; Li, Huijun; Xi, Jiangtao; Prusty, B. Gangadhara; Rajan, Ginu

doi:10.1109/tim.2020.3001367

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There have been high temperature environment applications for FBG AE sensing namely in welding for the detection of hydrogen induced cold cracks [ 66 , 73 , 74 ] where the FBGs can effectively detect and locate the formation and propagation of these cracks. The detection is carried out by using multiple packaged FBG sensors.…”

Section: Application Of Fbg-based Ae Monitoring System and Its Marmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibre Bragg Grating Based Acoustic Emission Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Jinachandran

Rajan

2021

Materials

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Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based acoustic emission (AE) detection and monitoring is considered as a potential and emerging technology for structural health monitoring (SHM) applications. In this paper, an overview of the FBG-based AE monitoring system is presented, and various technologies and methods used for FBG AE interrogation systems are reviewed and discussed. Various commercial FBG AE sensing systems, SHM applications of FBG AE monitoring, and market potential and recent trends are also discussed.

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Section: Application Of Fbg-based Ae Monitoring System and Its Marmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Confirmation of cold cracks from SEM imaging and its correlation with time domain response [ 73 , 74 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Fibre Bragg Grating Based Acoustic Emission Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Jinachandran

Rajan

2021

Materials

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“…Optical fiber sensors are new types of AE sensors that have appeared in recent years. Optical fiber sensors are usually preferred for harsh environments as they are free from electromagnetic interference, have the ability to be embedded in a material without changing its material properties, and easily form a sensor network, although piezoelectric sensors can be also used in some special treatments, e.g., enclosing the piezoelectric crystals in a ceramic casing or using waveguides together with piezoelectric sensors [4][5][6]. Common optical fiber AE sensors include fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor, fiber Fabry-Perot cavity acoustic emission sensor, and so on [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser Self-Mixing Interference: Optical Fiber Coil Sensors for Acoustic Emission Detection

Yu,

Yang,

Liu

et al. 2023

Photonics

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Acoustic emission (AE) testing is a widely used nondestructive testing method for the early detection of failures in materials and structures. In this paper, an AE detection sensor combining optical fiber sensing with laser self-mixing interference (SMI) technology is proposed. A multi-coil optical fiber ring wound round a cylindrical acrylic skeleton was designed in order to sense the deformation caused by AE elastic waves, which was then demodulated using self-mixing interference technology. Finite element analyses were conducted in order to investigate the deformation of fiber under acoustic sources. AE signals induced via ball-dropping impact experiments were successfully detected by the proposed experimental system. The proposed SMI optical fiber AE sensing system has the advantages of being free from electromagnetic interference and having a simple structure, low implementation cost and high measurement resolution and sensitivity.

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“…Largearea electronics (LAE) [19,20] is a particularly promising technology by enabling sensing skin-type applications through the deployment of dense sensor networks covering large surfaces and capable of local measurements, thus facilitating fatigue crack detection over full-scale components [21,22]. Specific examples of dense sensor networks include an eddy current sensor array fabricated by integrating an actuating coil and a sensing coil into a flexible printed circuit board [23] applied to welds, ultrasonic guided wave-based piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate disks supported by a thin flexible dielectric film used for diagnosis and assessment of fatigue cracks in the weld of a T-shape bogie frame [24], a mechanoluminescent sensor fabricated by coating SrAl 2 O 4 :Eu ceramic powder on an aluminum foil through screen-printing to detect cracks on welding points located on the outside surface of a pressurized pipe [25], fiber Bragg grating sensors used for discovering and localizing cold cracks in welded areas of steel plates [26], and commercial piezoelectric sensor networks applied to monitor weld cracks on T-type joints in steel offshore oil and gas jacket platforms [27] and metro train bogie frames [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of textured sensing skin for monitoring fatigue cracks on fillet welds

Liu¹,

Laflamme²,

Li³

et al. 2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Load-induced fatigue cracking in welds is a critical safety concern for steel transportation infrastructure, and the automation of their detection using commercial sensing technologies remains challenging due to the randomness in crack initiation and propagation. The authors have previously proposed a corrugated soft elastomeric capacitor (cSEC), which is a flexible and ultra-compliant thin-film strain gauge that transduces strain into a measurable change in capacitance. The cSEC technology has been successfully demonstrated for measuring bending strain as well as angular rotation in a folded configuration. This study builds on prior discoveries to characterize the sensor’s capability at monitoring fatigue cracks in corner welds, for which the sensor needs to be installed in a folded configuration. A crack monitoring algorithm is developed to fuse the cSEC data into actionable information. Experimental work is conducted on an orthogonal welded connection, mimicking a plate-to-web joint in steel bridges, with cSECs folded over the fillet welds. The sensor’s electromechanical behavior is characterized, and results confirm that the cSEC is capable of fatigue crack detection and quantification. In particular, results show that the cSEC can detect a minimum crack length of 0.48 mm and that its overall sensing performance, including signal linearity, resolution, and accuracy, is adequate under no damage, yet decreases with increasing crack size, likely attributable to the simplification of the electromechanical model and higher noise produced by the loading equipment under smaller applied displacement.

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Cold Crack Monitoring and Localization in Welding Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Fibre Bragg Grating Based Acoustic Emission Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Fibre Bragg Grating Based Acoustic Emission Measurement System for Structural Health Monitoring Applications

Laser Self-Mixing Interference: Optical Fiber Coil Sensors for Acoustic Emission Detection

Investigation of textured sensing skin for monitoring fatigue cracks on fillet welds

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