Cognitive reframing for carers of people with dementia

Abstract

Background The balance of evidence about whether psychosocial interventions for caregivers of people with dementia could reduce carers' psychological morbidity and delay their relatives' institutionalisation is now widely regarded as moderately positive (Brodaty 2003; Spijker 2008). Multi-component, tailor-made psychosocial interventions are considered to be particularly promising (Brodaty 2003; Spijker 2008). These interventions involve multiple mechanisms of action. In this review we focused solely on the effectiveness of one element within psychosocial interventions, cognitive reframing. Cognitive reframing is a component of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). In dementia care, cognitive reframing interventions focus on family carers' maladaptive, self-defeating or distressing cognitions about their relatives' behaviors and about their own performance in the caring role. Objectives The objective of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive reframing interventions for family carers of people with dementia on their psychological morbidity and stress. Search strategy The trials were identified by searching (5 April 2009) the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group Specialized Register, which contains records from major healthcare databases: The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL and LILACS, ongoing trial databases and grey literature sources. For more detailed information on what the Group's specialized register contains and to view the search strategies see the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group methods used in reviews. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS and a number of trial registers and grey literature sources were also searched separately on 5 April 2009. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials of cognitive reframing interventions for family carers of people with dementia. Data collection and analysis Three assessors (MVD, ID, JmC) independently judged whether the intervention being studied was documented in a trial; two assessors assessed trial quality.

Which interventions work for dementia family carers?: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials of carer interventions

“…However, greater heterogeneity was evident in the included studies indicating that these effect sizes may not be robust. The overall effect size for anxiety was larger than the effect size demonstrated in the recent review (Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011). A major difference between the data reported here is the inclusion of a modern CBT approach (ACT).…”

“…However, the results of the current review need to be interpreted with caution as there was only one RCT which utilized ACT. Similar to the previous review (Vernooij-Dassen et al , 2011), the effect size for burden was not significant.…”

Which interventions work for dementia family carers?: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials of carer interventions

“…However, greater heterogeneity was evident in the included studies indicating that these effect sizes may not be robust. The overall effect size for anxiety was larger than the effect size demonstrated in the recent review (Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011). A major difference between the data reported here is the inclusion of a modern CBT approach (ACT).…”

“…However, the results of the current review need to be interpreted with caution as there was only one RCT which utilized ACT. Similar to the previous review (Vernooij-Dassen et al , 2011), the effect size for burden was not significant.…”

The Neuropsychiatric Changes After COVID-19 Quarantine in Patients With Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers in Chongqing, China: A Cohort Study

“…However, after the quarantine was lifted, the caregivers returned to the routine as it used to be, which posed a very hard transition on them. Since the psychological problems of these caregivers have always been a hot issue ( Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011 ; Egilstrod et al, 2019 ) and an increased prevalence of care burden, depression and anxiety were found in this follow-up study, and we suggested that preventive measures, especially early and continuous psychiatric interventions or online self-management support ( Huis In Het Veld et al, 2019 ), should be promoted among these family caregivers.…”

Psychosocial intervention for carers of people with dementia: What components are most effective and when? A systematic review of systematic reviews

“…Vernooji-Dassen et al . (2011) had the widest age range from 19 to 84 years). Reporting of the relationship of the carer to the PwD was often limited to spouse and adult child.…”

Which interventions work for dementia family carers?: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials of carer interventions

“…However, greater heterogeneity was evident in the included studies indicating that these effect sizes may not be robust. The overall effect size for anxiety was larger than the effect size demonstrated in the recent review (Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011). A major difference between the data reported here is the inclusion of a modern CBT approach (ACT).…”

“…However, the results of the current review need to be interpreted with caution as there was only one RCT which utilized ACT. Similar to the previous review (Vernooij-Dassen et al , 2011), the effect size for burden was not significant.…”

The Neuropsychiatric Changes After COVID-19 Quarantine in Patients With Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers in Chongqing, China: A Cohort Study

“…However, after the quarantine was lifted, the caregivers returned to the routine as it used to be, which posed a very hard transition on them. Since the psychological problems of these caregivers have always been a hot issue ( Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011 ; Egilstrod et al, 2019 ) and an increased prevalence of care burden, depression and anxiety were found in this follow-up study, and we suggested that preventive measures, especially early and continuous psychiatric interventions or online self-management support ( Huis In Het Veld et al, 2019 ), should be promoted among these family caregivers.…”

Psychosocial intervention for carers of people with dementia: What components are most effective and when? A systematic review of systematic reviews

“…Vernooji-Dassen et al . (2011) had the widest age range from 19 to 84 years). Reporting of the relationship of the carer to the PwD was often limited to spouse and adult child.…”

Which interventions work for dementia family carers?: an updated systematic review of randomized controlled trials of carer interventions

“…However, greater heterogeneity was evident in the included studies indicating that these effect sizes may not be robust. The overall effect size for anxiety was larger than the effect size demonstrated in the recent review (Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011). A major difference between the data reported here is the inclusion of a modern CBT approach (ACT).…”

“…However, the results of the current review need to be interpreted with caution as there was only one RCT which utilized ACT. Similar to the previous review (Vernooij-Dassen et al , 2011), the effect size for burden was not significant.…”

The Neuropsychiatric Changes After COVID-19 Quarantine in Patients With Cognitive Impairment and Their Caregivers in Chongqing, China: A Cohort Study

“…However, after the quarantine was lifted, the caregivers returned to the routine as it used to be, which posed a very hard transition on them. Since the psychological problems of these caregivers have always been a hot issue ( Vernooij-Dassen et al, 2011 ; Egilstrod et al, 2019 ) and an increased prevalence of care burden, depression and anxiety were found in this follow-up study, and we suggested that preventive measures, especially early and continuous psychiatric interventions or online self-management support ( Huis In Het Veld et al, 2019 ), should be promoted among these family caregivers.…”

Psychosocial intervention for carers of people with dementia: What components are most effective and when? A systematic review of systematic reviews

“…Vernooji-Dassen et al . (2011) had the widest age range from 19 to 84 years). Reporting of the relationship of the carer to the PwD was often limited to spouse and adult child.…”