Cognitive Function and the Costs of Alzheimer Disease

Abstract

Large savings in the costs of caring for moderately to severely demented home-dwelling patients with AD may be achievable from disease interventions that have minor effects on patients' cognitive status.

Evaluation of an integrated primary care‐led dementia shared care program in Singapore: An effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness study

“…9 The reality is that most dementia syndromes are associated with medical and functional challenges, and also affect their caregivers, thus placing demands on healthcare Table 4 Univariate analysis of quality of life, caregiver burden and adverse events for Primary Care Demintia Clinic versus other polyclinics utilization and community resources. 10,11 The present study showed that QoL measured by EQ-5D at 12month follow up was similar between the PCDC, MC and other polyclinics. QoL, as measured by ADQoL, at 12-month follow up was higher for MC when compared with PCDC, whereas no difference between PCDC and other polyclinics was noted.…”

Evaluation of an integrated primary care‐led dementia shared care program in Singapore: An effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness study

“…9 The reality is that most dementia syndromes are associated with medical and functional challenges, and also affect their caregivers, thus placing demands on healthcare Table 4 Univariate analysis of quality of life, caregiver burden and adverse events for Primary Care Demintia Clinic versus other polyclinics utilization and community resources. 10,11 The present study showed that QoL measured by EQ-5D at 12month follow up was similar between the PCDC, MC and other polyclinics. QoL, as measured by ADQoL, at 12-month follow up was higher for MC when compared with PCDC, whereas no difference between PCDC and other polyclinics was noted.…”

WHEDA study: Effectiveness of occupational therapy at home for older people with dementia and their caregivers - the design of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial evaluating a Dutch programme in seven German centres

“…Considering direct and indirect costs in Germany, Hallauer et al [ 12 ] calculated dementia costs of 43,767 Euros per year and per patient, divided into 2.5% medical costs (medication, consultation, hospital stays), 29.6% nursing care costs and 67.9% costs borne by the patients' families. International studies demonstrate similar results and confirm the fact that family caregivers bear the main burden of dementia [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Hourly Care Received by People With Alzheimer's Disease: Results From an Urban, Community Survey

“…The figure also shows the distribution of formal and informal care hours by dementia severity. In cross-sectional analyses, informal care hours did not increase linearly with disease severity; the correlation is nonsignificant (r = .08), a finding reported by others as well (Ernst et al, 1997). Formal hours, by contrast, were significantly correlated with disease severity (r = .30, p < .001).…”

“…It is impressive, then, to note that total and formal care hours were significantly related to dementia severity and number of comorbid conditions in this sample, clear indicators of elder need for care, whereas informal hours were not. Ernst and colleagues reported the same relationship in their clinic-based sample (Ernst et al, 1997). On the other hand, IADL help hours, if measured, might show such a relation to informal hours.…”

Evaluation of an integrated primary care‐led dementia shared care program in Singapore: An effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness study

“…9 The reality is that most dementia syndromes are associated with medical and functional challenges, and also affect their caregivers, thus placing demands on healthcare Table 4 Univariate analysis of quality of life, caregiver burden and adverse events for Primary Care Demintia Clinic versus other polyclinics utilization and community resources. 10,11 The present study showed that QoL measured by EQ-5D at 12month follow up was similar between the PCDC, MC and other polyclinics. QoL, as measured by ADQoL, at 12-month follow up was higher for MC when compared with PCDC, whereas no difference between PCDC and other polyclinics was noted.…”

WHEDA study: Effectiveness of occupational therapy at home for older people with dementia and their caregivers - the design of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial evaluating a Dutch programme in seven German centres

“…Considering direct and indirect costs in Germany, Hallauer et al [ 12 ] calculated dementia costs of 43,767 Euros per year and per patient, divided into 2.5% medical costs (medication, consultation, hospital stays), 29.6% nursing care costs and 67.9% costs borne by the patients' families. International studies demonstrate similar results and confirm the fact that family caregivers bear the main burden of dementia [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Hourly Care Received by People With Alzheimer's Disease: Results From an Urban, Community Survey

“…The figure also shows the distribution of formal and informal care hours by dementia severity. In cross-sectional analyses, informal care hours did not increase linearly with disease severity; the correlation is nonsignificant (r = .08), a finding reported by others as well (Ernst et al, 1997). Formal hours, by contrast, were significantly correlated with disease severity (r = .30, p < .001).…”

“…It is impressive, then, to note that total and formal care hours were significantly related to dementia severity and number of comorbid conditions in this sample, clear indicators of elder need for care, whereas informal hours were not. Ernst and colleagues reported the same relationship in their clinic-based sample (Ernst et al, 1997). On the other hand, IADL help hours, if measured, might show such a relation to informal hours.…”

Evaluation of an integrated primary care‐led dementia shared care program in Singapore: An effectiveness and cost‐effectiveness study

“…9 The reality is that most dementia syndromes are associated with medical and functional challenges, and also affect their caregivers, thus placing demands on healthcare Table 4 Univariate analysis of quality of life, caregiver burden and adverse events for Primary Care Demintia Clinic versus other polyclinics utilization and community resources. 10,11 The present study showed that QoL measured by EQ-5D at 12month follow up was similar between the PCDC, MC and other polyclinics. QoL, as measured by ADQoL, at 12-month follow up was higher for MC when compared with PCDC, whereas no difference between PCDC and other polyclinics was noted.…”

WHEDA study: Effectiveness of occupational therapy at home for older people with dementia and their caregivers - the design of a pragmatic randomised controlled trial evaluating a Dutch programme in seven German centres

“…Considering direct and indirect costs in Germany, Hallauer et al [ 12 ] calculated dementia costs of 43,767 Euros per year and per patient, divided into 2.5% medical costs (medication, consultation, hospital stays), 29.6% nursing care costs and 67.9% costs borne by the patients' families. International studies demonstrate similar results and confirm the fact that family caregivers bear the main burden of dementia [ 13 , 14 ].…”

Hourly Care Received by People With Alzheimer's Disease: Results From an Urban, Community Survey

“…The figure also shows the distribution of formal and informal care hours by dementia severity. In cross-sectional analyses, informal care hours did not increase linearly with disease severity; the correlation is nonsignificant (r = .08), a finding reported by others as well (Ernst et al, 1997). Formal hours, by contrast, were significantly correlated with disease severity (r = .30, p < .001).…”

“…It is impressive, then, to note that total and formal care hours were significantly related to dementia severity and number of comorbid conditions in this sample, clear indicators of elder need for care, whereas informal hours were not. Ernst and colleagues reported the same relationship in their clinic-based sample (Ernst et al, 1997). On the other hand, IADL help hours, if measured, might show such a relation to informal hours.…”