Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
 1977
DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1977.02120200073016
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Cognitive Evaluation of Children With Elevated Blood Lead Levels

David Kotok1
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Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)
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“…In a follow-up study on the same children (1975), the authors found continuing evidence of neurological damage and a greatly in creased rate of school failure and school problems. Although these and other case-referent studies done in the 1970s matched cases and controls by race and other social and economic variables (de la Burde and Choate 1975; Kotok et al 1977;Rummo 1974), these studies were mainly criti cized for their lack of control of confounding background variables (Rutter 1980;Ernhart et al 1981;Harvey et al 1984;Smith 1985). Perino and Ernhart (1974) also found neurobehavioral deficits in chil dren whose lead levels ranged from 40 to 70 /tg/dL; however, when these data were reanalyzed to control for various methodological prob lems, they failed to show statistically significant differences between high-and low-lead children.…”
Section: Screening Results Expand the Population At Riskmentioning
confidence: 99%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…In a follow-up study on the same children (1975), the authors found continuing evidence of neurological damage and a greatly in creased rate of school failure and school problems. Although these and other case-referent studies done in the 1970s matched cases and controls by race and other social and economic variables (de la Burde and Choate 1975; Kotok et al 1977;Rummo 1974), these studies were mainly criti cized for their lack of control of confounding background variables (Rutter 1980;Ernhart et al 1981;Harvey et al 1984;Smith 1985). Perino and Ernhart (1974) also found neurobehavioral deficits in chil dren whose lead levels ranged from 40 to 70 /tg/dL; however, when these data were reanalyzed to control for various methodological prob lems, they failed to show statistically significant differences between high-and low-lead children.…”
Section: Screening Results Expand the Population At Riskmentioning
confidence: 99%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Lansdown et al (1974) and McNeil et al (1975) did not find deficits at school age, and Kotok et al (1977) attributed the deficits they found to preexisting factors. Conversely, Albert et al (1974), Rummo (1974), and de la Burde and Choate (1975) did find deficits at school age which they attributed to lead.…”
Section: Kidney and Bonementioning
confidence: 87%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
“…Chronic exposure to lead during development results in more subtle abnormalities of behavior and fine motor control [4, 13,221. To understand the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying these abnormalities, investigators have tried to develop models in which exposure to lead occurred during the period of CNS development.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They were then group-housed by sex. These animals and the controls were studied at 5,8,11,13,15,19,23, and 28 days. …”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
Exaggerated anticipatory anxiety is common in social anxiety disorder (SAD). Neuroimaging studies have revealed altered neural activity in response to social stimuli in SAD, but fewer studies have examined neural activity during anticipation of feared social stimuli in SAD. The current study examined the time course and magnitude of activity in threat processing brain regions during speech anticipation in socially anxious individuals and healthy controls (HC). Method Participants (SAD n = 58; HC n = 16) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during which they completed a 90s control anticipation task and 90s speech anticipation task.
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