Cognitive Dynamic System for AC State Estimation and Cyber-Attack Detection in Smart Grid

Abstract

The work presented in this chapter is an extension of our previous research of bringing together the Cognitive Dynamic System (CDS) and the Smart Grid (SG) by focusing on AC state estimation and Cyber-Attack detection. Under the AC power flow model, state estimation is complex and computationally expensive as it relies on iterative procedures. On the other hand, the False Data Injection (FDI) attacks are a new category of cyber-attacks targeting the SG that can bypass the current bad data detection techniques in the SG. Due to the complexity of the nonlinear system involved, the amount of published works on AC based FDI attacks have been fewer compared to their DC counterpart. Here, we will demonstrate how the entropic state, which is the objective function of the CDS, can be used as a metric to monitor the grid’s health and detect FDI attacks. The CDS, acting as the supervisor of the system, improves the entropic state on a cycle to cycle basis by dynamically optimizing the state estimation process through the reconfiguration of the weights of the sensors in the network. In order to showcase performance of this new structure, computer simulations are carried out on the IEEE 14-bus system for optimal state estimation and FDI attack detection.

Networked control systems and their applications to smart satellites: a survey

“…In 2014, the amount of literature on cognitive control increased significantly. 88,[91][92][93] Simply put, in a cognitive dynamic system, cognitive control minimizes the unknown information in a non-stationary environment using the perceptual and executive memories it gained from encountered situations. The framework utilized under CDS uses a unique "two-state" model, where the novelty comes from the entropic state, which quantifies the information gap between the system and the environment.…”