Cognitive–behavioural therapy for adult attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder: a proof of concept randomised controlled trial

Abstract

This is the first randomised controlled trial to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy and acceptability of individual formulation-based CBT for ADHD when added to TAU over TAU alone. This approach now needs to be tested in a larger multicentred randomised controlled trial.

Non-pharmacological interventions for adult ADHD: a systematic review

“…Results of the risk of bias assessment are presented in Table 1. Only one of the included records was assessed as having a low risk of bias across all five domains and that was for only one of the interventions within the trial (Schonenberg et al, 2017), and nine records were assessed as having a low risk of bias in four out of five domains (Dittner, Hodsoll, Rimes, Russell, & Chalder, 2018; Gu, Xu, & Zhu, 2018; Janssen et al, 2018; Philipsen et al, 2015; Salomone et al, 2015; Stern, Malik, Pollak, Bonne, & Maeir, 2016; Vidal et al, 2013; Young et al, 2015, 2017). For a significant number of studies, it was not possible to assess the risk of bias in at least one of the five domains due to insufficient information.…”

“…Five studies compared CBT with TAU (Dittner et al, 2018; Emilsson et al, 2011; Safren et al, 2005; Young et al, 2015, 2017) CBT produced an improvement in independent and self-reported ADHD symptoms, both for group (Emilsson et al, 2011; Young et al, 2015) and individual (Dittner et al, 2018; Safren et al, 2005) therapy. Improvements included changes in inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and were based on measures taken at pre- and post-treatment and at follow-up.…”

“…Improvements included changes in inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms and were based on measures taken at pre- and post-treatment and at follow-up. Three studies also reported lower Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores following CBT (Dittner et al, 2018; Safren et al, 2005; Young et al, 2015). These results indicate a favourable effect of CBT compared with TAU.…”

“…Five studies compared CBT with treatment as usual (TAU) (Dittner et al, 2018;Emilsson et al, 2011;Safren et al, 2005;S. Young et al, 2017;S.…”

“…Symptoms of psychiatric comorbidity and/or functional impairment were also examined in this review, with results summarised in supplement Table 3. In summary, of the 14 CBT studies (including one follow-up study) measuring comorbidity or functional outcomes, six found a positive result for CBT in at least one measure of these outcomes (Dittner et al, 2018;Emilsson et al, 2011;Moëll et al, 2015;Safren et al, 2005;S. Young et al, 2017;S.…”