Coeliac disease in childhood: An overview

Bishop, Jonathan; Ravikumara, Madhur

doi:10.1111/jpc.14674

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 136 publications

(258 reference statements)

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“…Rapid improvement in clinical symptoms is observed within 2-4 wk in children. Serological and histological responses are slower compared to clinical symptoms[ 136 ]. Although histological response in children is observed within 2 years by a rate of 95%, this rate is 60% in adults[ 137 ].…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature

Şahin¹

2021

WJCP

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Celiac disease is an immune-mediated systemic disease triggered by intake of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. The prevalence of celiac disease in the general population is estimated to be 1% in the world. Its prevalence differs depending on geographical and ethnic variations. The prevalence of celiac disease has increased significantly in the last 30 years due to the increased knowledge and awareness of physicians and the widespread use of highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tests for celiac disease. Despite increased awareness and knowledge about celiac disease, up to 95% of celiac patients still remain undiagnosed. The presentations of celiac disease have significantly changed in the last few decades. Classical symptoms of celiac disease occur in a minority of celiac patients, while older children have either minimal or atypical symptoms. Serologic tests for celiac disease should be done in patients with unexplained chronic or intermittent diarrhea, failure to thrive, weight loss, delayed puberty, short stature, amenorrhea, iron deficiency anemia, nausea, vomiting, chronic abdominal pain, abdominal distension, chronic constipation, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and abnormal liver enzyme elevation, and in children who belong to specific groups at risk. Early diagnosis of celiac disease is very important to prevent long-term complications. Currently, the only effective treatment is a lifelong gluten-free diet. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnostic tests, and treatment of celiac disease in the light of the latest literature.

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Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature

Şahin¹

2021

WJCP

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“…Nutritional labelling in India is not as comprehensive as that in the western world, often gluten content isn't mentioned on food items, thus leading to increasing difficulties for patients, both in terms of accessing the right kind of diet, and disease. Patients with CD should be followed up 6 months after diagnosis and every 6 monthly to look for symptomatic improvement, compliance with the gluten-free diet, quality of life, and progressive normalization of celiac-associated antibodies 45. Rapid improvement in clinical symptoms is observed within 2-4 weeks in children, serological and histological changes take a longer time to respond 46 . Although histological response in children is observed within 2 years by a rate of 95%, this rate is 60% in adults 47 .…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presentation and Patterns of Celiac Disease in Indian Subcontinent: A Literature Review

Siddiqui¹,

Agrawal²,

Kumar

et al. 2022

MRAJ

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Gluten, in genetically susceptible individuals induces an immune mediated enteropathy called Celiac disease (CD). It is an established cause of malabsorption, with the worldwide prevalence being 1% in the general population. It is found across all age groups, from infants to the elderly with 20% patients being diagnosed in the seventh decade of life. It has varying clinical presentations ranging from silent asymptomatic forms which are diagnosed during screening to life threatening forms with severe malabsorption to atypical presentations, with the symptom spectrum extending beyond the gastrointestinal tract which are more common in adults. High index of suspicion, robust screening and testing, followed by strict adherence to gluten free diet is a must to curb and cure the disease. Patients tend to face difficulties not only during diagnosis, but also with compliance and availability of a gluten free diet, in addition to significant economic and psychosocial burden, which is more predominant in developing countries. Screening of high-risk groups like first-degree relatives of celiac disease, patients with severe malnutrition, other autoimmune diseases, refractory anaemia and irritable bowel syndrome should be done to enhance case detection. In low middle income countries, judicious resource utilisation takes precedence, hence, tackling a multifactorial disease such as celiac disease becomes challenging. Repeated follow ups, awareness among patients and doctors, encouragement, availability of testing and dietary counselling is necessary for management of the disease in such settings. Improving sanitation and feeding practices may also play role in decreasing incidence, considering childhood GI infections are a well-established risk factor. Increased availability of serological tests (IgA/IgG anti-tTG, anti -EMA and anti-DGP), biopsy, genetic testing and other newer modalities under research have improved the diagnostic accuracy. Poor compliance increases the risk of GI malignancy, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, Hepatocellular carcinoma and MALToma. Hence adherence is a must to prevent complications. A wide variety of treatment modalities are being evaluated to bring into force alternative strategies for management. Only providing gluten free diet is often not sufficient for improvement of nutritional status in patients with CD. Hence, micronutrient supplementation should also be encouraged to meet the unmet needs.

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“…Autoantibodies against tissue transglutaminase (tTG) during a glutencontaining diet are the most obvious serologic parameter of celiac disease (CD). Diagnosis of this disease has been increased worldwide including Pakistan [1]. The variable clinical description makes diagnosis challenging and celiac disease is generally under diagnosed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Immunoglobulin’s, Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Children with Celiac Disease

Kashif-ur-Rehman,

Ahmad Bakhsh,

Hamama Islam Butt

et al. 2024

PJBB

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Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune illness which has affected about 1% of the population and it has appeared due to gluten intolerance in genetically susceptible people. The current study was designed to determine the level of immunoglobulin IgA and IgG in children with celiac disease and to estimate their impact on biochemical and hematological parameters. The current study was conducted on 120 subjects, including 60 blood samples were collected from diagnosed celiac disease children aged less than 12 years along with 60 healthy control subjects of same age range. The results of the present study have shown a statistically significant difference between celiac disease patients and control group. Value of immunoglobulin IgA in CD patients was 205.98 ± 181.48 U/ml as compared to the control group i.e. 4.18 ± 1.77 U/ml which showed a statistically significant difference. The mean value of immunoglobulin IgG in patients was 77.21 ± 71.35 U/ml as compared to the control group i.e. 6.13 ± 1.33 U/ml which showed a statistically significant difference. The mean value of Serum alkaline Phosphatase in patients was 382.58 ± 114.99 U/L as associated to the control group i.e. 265.75 ± 65.2 U/L which showed a statistically significant change. The mean value of serum phosphorus in CD patients was 4.64 ± 1.01 mg/dL as compared to the control group i.e. 3.85 ± 0.55 mg/dL which showed a statistically significant difference. It has been concluded from the above results that in most of the cases of CD the values of serum IgA, serum IgG, serum alkaline phosphate, serum calcium, serum phosphorus and hemoglobin values can prove important clinical diagnostic markers for celiac disease which would ultimately be helpful in the management of this life-threatening disease.

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Coeliac disease in childhood: An overview

Cited by 10 publications

References 136 publications

Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature

Celiac disease in children: A review of the literature

Presentation and Patterns of Celiac Disease in Indian Subcontinent: A Literature Review

Evaluation of Immunoglobulin’s, Biochemical and Hematological Parameters in Children with Celiac Disease

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