Coding of Visual Space during Motor Preparation: Approaching Objects Rapidly Modulate Corticospinal Excitability in Hand-Centered Coordinates

Makin, Tamar R.; Holmes, Nicholas P.; Brozzoli, Claudio; Rossetti, Yves; Farnè, Alessandro

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2955-09.2009

Cited by 101 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In our study (Makin et al 2009), participants performed a simple button-press motor response with the right index Wnger, while a task-irrelevant three-dimensional ball suddenly fell just above the participants' responding hand. Using single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the contralateral primary motor cortex, we found that the sudden appearance of this potentially threatening visual stimulus was associated with a reduction in corticospinal excitability at the very early and speciWc time window of 70-80 ms following its appearance (see Evarts 1974, for comparable response latencies in macaque M1 neurons, with respect to visual feedback for force application).…”

Section: Physiological Evidence For the Rapid Online Control Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the target object was switched during movement execution, PMv pulses suppressed corticospinal excitability as early as 75 ms following the switch (which was time locked to the movement onset, right). a ModiWed from Makin et al (2009). b ModiWed from Buch et al (2010) body-part-centred representation is not restricted to visual space (e.g.…”

Section: Hand-centred Representations In Pmvmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Keeping the world at hand: rapid visuomotor processing for hand–object interactions

et al. 2012

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The existence of hand-centred visual processing has long been established in the macaque premotor cortex. These hand-centred mechanisms have been thought to play some general role in the sensory guidance of movements towards objects, or, more recently, in the sensory guidance of object avoidance movements. We suggest that these hand-centred mechanisms play a specific and prominent role in the rapid selection and control of manual actions following sudden changes in the properties of the objects relevant for hand-object interactions. We discuss recent anatomical and physiological evidence from human and non-human primates, which indicates the existence of rapid processing of visual information for hand-object interactions. This new evidence demonstrates how several stages of the hierarchical visual processing system may be bypassed, feeding the motor system with hand-related visual inputs within just 70 ms following a sudden event. This time window is early enough, and this processing rapid enough, to allow the generation and control of rapid hand-centred avoidance and acquisitive actions, for aversive and desired objects, respectively.

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Section: Physiological Evidence For the Rapid Online Control Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hand-centred Representations In Pmvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Keeping the world at hand: rapid visuomotor processing for hand–object interactions

et al. 2012

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“…Previous studies investigated the representation of the peripersonal space by examining behavioral responses in patients with brain lesions (Farnè et al, 2000(Farnè et al, , 2005, probing reaction times during presentation of cross-modal stimuli near the body , and by registering changes in the excitability of the primary motor cortex to the presentation of objects near the hands (Makin et al, 2009). Here, we have taken a more direct approach and measured the BOLD-adaptation signatures of hand-centered encoding of space in the human brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lective processing of peri-hand visual stimuli (di Pellegrino et al, 1997;Farnè et al, 2000;Pavani and Castiello, 2004;Spence et al, 2004;Makin et al, 2009). An attentional account has been proposed as a possible interpretation for part of these behavioral findings (Spence et al, 2000Kennett et al, 2001), in line with the notion that peripersonal space and crossmodal spatial attention might share common mechanisms (Maravita et al, 2003;Driver and Noesselt, 2008).…”

Section: Dynamic Remapping Of the Hand-centered Representation Of Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

That's Near My Hand! Parietal and Premotor Coding of Hand-Centered Space Contributes to Localization and Self-Attribution of the Hand

2012

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The ability to identify and localize our own limbs is crucial for survival. Indeed, the majority of our interactions with objects occur within the space surrounding the hands. In non-human primates, neurons in the posterior parietal and premotor cortices dynamically represent the space near the upper limbs in hand-centered coordinates. Neuronal populations selective for the space near the hand also exist in humans. It is unclear whether these remap the peri-hand representation as the arm is moved in space. Furthermore, no combined neuronal and behavioral data are available about the possible involvement of peri-hand neurons in the perception of the upper limbs in any species. We used fMRI adaptation to demonstrate dynamic hand-centered encoding of space by reporting response suppression in human premotor and posterior parietal cortices to repeated presentations of an object near the hand for different arm postures. Furthermore, we show that such spatial representation is related to changes in body perception, being remapped onto a prosthetic hand if perceived as one's own during an illusion. Interestingly, our results further suggest that peri-hand space remapping in the premotor cortex is most tightly linked to the subjective feeling of ownership of the seen limb, whereas remapping in the posterior parietal cortex closely reflects changes in the position sense of the arm. These findings identify the neural bases for dynamic hand-centered encoding of peripersonal space in humans and provide hitherto missing evidence for the link between the peri-hand representation of space and the perceived self-attribution and position of the upper limb.

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“…This suggests that in humans, as in primates, the selective perihand mechanism is used as an important interface for guiding hand actions toward objects within reaching distance (Brozzoli et al, 2011). Thus, the representation of the location of objects with respect to the hand could be used both to move the hand away from aversive objects (Makin et al, 2009) and to guide hand actions toward objects during reach-tograsp actions (Brozzoli et al, , 2010.…”

Section: A Spatial Representation For Hand-object Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

fMRI Adaptation Reveals a Cortical Mechanism for the Coding of Space Near the Hand

Brozzoli

Gentile²,

Petkova³

et al. 2011

Journal of Neuroscience

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Behavioral studies in humans and electrophysiological recordings in nonhuman primates have suggested the existence of a specific representation of the space immediately surrounding the body. In macaques, neurons that have visual receptive fields limited to a region of space close around a body part have been found in premotor and parietal areas. These cells are hypothesized to encode the location of external objects in coordinate systems that are centered on individual body parts. In the present study, we used an fMRI adaptation paradigm on healthy participants to reveal areas in the anterior part of the intraparietal sulcus, the inferior parietal lobe (supramarginal gyrus), and the dorsal and ventral portions of the premotor cortex that exhibit selective BOLD adaptation to an object moving near the right hand. Crucially, these areas did not manifest adaptation if the stimulus was presented in far space (100 cm) or when the hand was retracted from the object. This hand-centered selectivity could not be detected when a traditional fMRI analysis approach was used. These findings are important as they provide the most conclusive neuroimaging evidence to date for a representation of near-personal space in the human brain. They also demonstrate a selective mechanism implemented by human perihand neurons in the premotor and posterior parietal areas and add to earlier findings from humans and nonhuman primates.

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Coding of Visual Space during Motor Preparation: Approaching Objects Rapidly Modulate Corticospinal Excitability in Hand-Centered Coordinates

Cited by 101 publications

References 60 publications

Keeping the world at hand: rapid visuomotor processing for hand–object interactions

Keeping the world at hand: rapid visuomotor processing for hand–object interactions

That's Near My Hand! Parietal and Premotor Coding of Hand-Centered Space Contributes to Localization and Self-Attribution of the Hand

fMRI Adaptation Reveals a Cortical Mechanism for the Coding of Space Near the Hand

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