Coal fly ash and lime addition enhances the rate and efficiency of decomposition of food waste during composting

Wong, Jonathan W C; Fung, Shun On; Selvam, Ammaiyappan

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2009.01.063

Cited by 158 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…During composting, the fly ash and lime neutralized the acid formation in fermentation of carbohydrates and fats, which lowers the pH of the composting mass leading to the retardation of decomposition efficiency. The fly ash has been previously investigated as soil amendments for agricultural use, due to its capacity and Ca, Mg oxides, to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and plants (Wong et al 2009). Moreover, the combined use of fly ash and lime in calculated and small quantity may result in an efficient removal of pathogens and enhance the decomposition rate for mature and stable compost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology

Iqbal

Nadeem

Sherazi

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The optimization of process parameters for decomposition of kitchen waste into mature, stable compost was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). RSM and central composite designs were applied to evaluate and optimize the key factors namely fly ash, bulking agent for moisture optimization and temperature, inoculum size and lime concentration for C/N optimization, which affect the stability of compost. Moisture and C/N ratio were selected as response variables. The experimental data of response variables were fitted into quadratic polynomial model using the multiple regression analysis and found it was statistically significant quadratic model. Box-Behnken design under RSM was used to optimize their interaction between bulking agent (40 %) and fly ash (15 %) has significant effect on moisture optimization and temperature (35°C), lime (3 %), and inoculum size (10 %) were the best for C/N ratio optimization and compost maturity. These optimized conditions were used and recorded the 50 % moisture reduction, and 8.43 C/N was achieved; indicates the stable and mature compost in minimum time. A significant correlation was also found between C/N ratio, humic acid, fulvic acid and degree of polymerization during compost formation. It was fleetingly concluded that optimization of compost parameters promote the decomposition rate and humification process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology

Iqbal

Nadeem

Sherazi

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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show abstract

“…In composting, the pH level drops somewhat during the early stages (i.e., down to 5.0) because of organic acid formation. In general, addition of lime to raise the pH to >7.0 promoted faster degradation by microbes and then could shorten composting day (Nakasaki et al, 1993;Wong et al, 2009). In our study, initial pH in CFA 0% was ca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as an alternative of saw dust, coal fly ash has been proved positive effects as bulking agent for composting in many researches. For example, coal fly ash can be used for replacement of lime materials to control pH during composting (Nakasaki et al, 1993;Wong et al, 2009). Also, Beaver (1995) demonstrated that coal fly ash did not inhibit biological activity for composting and enhanced the nutrient value of the final product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Coal Fly Ash as a Bulking Agent under Co-composting with Swine Manure and Saw Dust

Lee¹,

Park²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer

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The coal fly ash (CFA) may be utilized as an extender for organic waste composting at the same time fully expected to solve all industrial waste disposal and sawdust tribe. The main objective in this study was to evaluate the effect of CFA addition as a bulking agent for swine manure composting. To determine the suitable addition rate of CFA as a bulking agent, 0, 10, 20 and 30% of saw dust were mixed with 30, 20, 10 and 0% of coal fly ash, respectively. Compost quality for swine manure composting was to evaluate temperature, pH, C/N ratio, and phytotoxicity as germination index. Stability of compost increased with increasing levels of CFA as bulking agent during swine manure composting due to the high alkaline materials including CFA. C to N ratio in treatment added CFA was higher than that of the control without CFA. After finishing composting, germination index of lettuce and cabbage in swine manure compost added 10% of CFA was similar to the control, all the heavy metal contents were far below the stipulated standard for organic farming. These results indicated tahr coal fly ash as bulking agents might be alternative materials to save saw dust and apply industrial products for swine manure composting.

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“…During the early stage of composting, degradation of organic matter releases ammonium and the prevailing pH influences the loss of this NH 4 + as NH 3 gas resulting in significant loss of nitrogen from the composting mass (32)(33)(34)(35)(36). The NH 4 + mass fraction increased on day 14 of the treatment and on day 21 in control reactor; after that it gradually decreased until day 42 (Fig.…”

Section: Extractable Ammonium and C/n Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Vessel Co-Composting of Food Waste Employing Enriched Bacterial Consortium

Awasthi¹,

Wang²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

Food Technol. Biotechnol.

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SUMMARYThe aim of the present study is to develop a good initial composting mix using a bacterial consortium and 2 % lime for effective co-composting of food waste in a 60-litre in-vessel composter. In the experiment that lasted for 42 days, the food waste was first mixed with sawdust and 2 % lime (by dry mass), then one of the reactors was inoculated with an enriched bacterial consortium, while the other served as control. The results show that inoculation of the enriched natural bacterial consortium effectively overcame the oil-laden co-composting mass in the composter and increased the rate of mineralization. In addition, CO 2 evolution rate of (0.81±0.2) g/(kg·day), seed germination index of (105±3) %, extractable ammonium mass fraction of 305.78 mg/kg, C/N ratio of 16.18, pH=7.6 and electrical conductivity of 3.12 mS/cm clearly indicate that the compost was well matured and met the composting standard requirements. In contrast, control treatment exhibited a delayed thermophilic phase and did not mature after 42 days, as evidenced by the maturity parameters. Therefore, a good composting mix and potential bacterial inoculum to degrade the oil are essential for food waste co-composting systems.

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Coal fly ash and lime addition enhances the rate and efficiency of decomposition of food waste during composting

Cited by 158 publications

References 23 publications

Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology

Optimization of process parameters for kitchen waste composting by response surface methodology

Effects of Coal Fly Ash as a Bulking Agent under Co-composting with Swine Manure and Saw Dust

In-Vessel Co-Composting of Food Waste Employing Enriched Bacterial Consortium

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