CO2 regulator SLAC1 and its homologues are essential for anion homeostasis in plant cells

Negi, J. D. S.; Matsuda, Osamu; Nagasawa, Takashi; Oba, Yasuhiro; Takahashi, Hideyuki; Kawai‐Yamada, Maki; Uchimiya, Hirofumi; Hashimoto, Mimi; Iba, Koh

doi:10.1038/nature06720

Cited by 557 publications

(743 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The NtrbohD protein, 28 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), 29 fast vacuolar (FV) channels, K + -selective vacuolar (VK) cation channels, 30 slow vacuolar (SV) channels, slow anion channel-associated 1 (SLAC1) 31,32 and H + -ATPases (AHA1 and AHA2) 33 are localized to the membrane and function during abiotic or biotic responses in guard cells. 34 These findings also demonstrate that the guard cell signal transduction in response to biotic and abiotic signals shares some common steps, including NO accumulation in guard cells.…”

Section: Role Of Vpe In Stomatal Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

Zhang

Zheng

2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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In the course of their development, plants have had to face a wide range of potential pathogens, including viral, bacterial, fungal and oomycete pathogens. Plants, unlike animals, which have specialized defender cells and an adaptive immune system, have an innate immunity of each cell and produce systemic signals emanating from the infection site. The plant innate immunity (PTI) is induced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) 1 and elicitors. 2,3 However, some pathogens deliver virulence proteins that target host protein to overcome the plant immunity response. Most plants have evolved the corresponding resistance (R) protein to recognize effector activity, which will trigger plant resistance through effector-triggered immunity (ETI). 4 Natural selection drives evolution of new pathogen effector proteins and plant R proteins. This tug-of-war between plants and pathogens is represented as a zig-zag-zig model. [5][6][7] Both PTI and ETI cause stomatal closure and hypersensitive response (HR), a programmed host cell death (PCD) to limit pathogen development. 5,8 Proteases play important roles in plant innate immunity. in this mini-review, we describe the current view on the role of a plant protease, vacuolar processing enzyme (vPe), and the first identified plant caspase-1-like protein, in plant immunity. in the past several years, vPes were determined to play important roles in various types of cell death in plants. early studies demonstrated the identification of vPe as a vacuolar hydrolytic protein responsible for maturation of vacuolar proteins. Later, Nicotiana benthamiana vPe was reported to mediate virusinduced hypersensitive response by regulating membrane collapse. The ortholog of vPe in Arabidopsis is also suggested to be involved in both mycotoxin-induced cell death and developmental cell death. However, the role of vPe in elicitorsignaling is still unclear. Our recent studies demonstrated the involvement of vPe in elicitor signal transduction to induce stomatal closure and defense responses, including defense gene expression and hypersensitive cell death. Key words: hypersensitive cell death, elicitor, stomatal closure, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, plant innate immunity, programmed cell death activity. At least eight caspase activities have now been measured in plant extracts, which were found using caspase substrates, and various caspase inhibitors can block many forms of plant programmed cell death. 9 In the past several years, vacuolar-processing enzyme (VPE) has been determined to play important roles in plant immunity responses. In this review paper, I describe the current view on the role of VPE in plant immunity, based on our own research and recent developments in this field. The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity Role of VPE in PCDPlant vacuoles play fundamental roles in controlling turgor pressure, molecular degradation and storage, as well as timely execution of PCD in, e.g., plant disease resistance, tissue senescence and seed development. 10,11 A ...

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Section: Role Of Vpe In Stomatal Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

Zhang

Zheng

2010

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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“…Elevated CO 2 concentration activates anion channels, resulting in depolarization of plasma membrane in guard cells, causing efflux of solutes and stomatal closure [7][8][9][10] . Earlier studies in Arabidopsis identified several mutants with defects in CO 2 -induced stomatal movements [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . However, most of these mutants including abi1-1, abi2-1, gca2, ost1 and slac1 were insensitive to both CO 2 and abscisic acid (ABA), representing components shared by both signalling pathways 5,20 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Activation of the slow (S-type) anion channels for anion efflux has been regarded as a critical step in stomatal closure 18,[21][22][23][24] . SLAC1 (Slow Anion ChannelAssociated 1) is a component of the S-type anion channel in Arabidopsis guard cells 14,15 . When expressed in Xenopus oocytes, SLAC1 forms a channel that is permeable to Cl À and NO 3 À , but not to HCO 3 À 23, 24 .…”

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confidence: 99%

A molecular pathway for CO2 response in Arabidopsis guard cells

et al. 2015

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Increasing carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels in the atmosphere have caused global metabolic changes in diverse plant species. CO 2 is not only a carbon donor for photosynthesis but also an environmental signal that regulates stomatal movements and thereby controls plant-water relationships and carbon metabolism. However, the mechanism underlying CO 2 sensing in stomatal guard cells remains unclear. Here we report characterization of Arabidopsis RESISTANT TO HIGH CO 2 (RHC1), a MATE-type transporter that links elevated CO 2 concentration to repression of HT1, a protein kinase that negatively regulates CO 2 -induced stomatal closing. We also show that HT1 phosphorylates and inactivates OST1, a kinase which is essential for the activation of the SLAC1 anion channel and stomatal closing. Combining genetic, biochemical and electrophysiological evidence, we reconstituted the molecular relay from CO 2 to SLAC1 activation, thus establishing a core pathway for CO 2 signalling in plant guard cells.

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“…Recent molecular and electrophysiological studies showed that Arabidopsis SLAC1 is required for anion channel activity in the PM of guard cells and is more permeable to Cl − than malate [5], indicating that SLAC1 functions as a slow-type (S-type) anion channel located at the PM in plant cells. This channel, activated by the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA), ozone, and CO 2 , is involved in the early steps leading to the volume regulation of guard cells and stomatal closure [8–10]. Four orthologs of SLAC1, SLAH1-4 have been identified in Arabidopsis and constitute the SLAC/SLAH family [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This channel, activated by the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA), ozone, and CO 2 , is involved in the early steps leading to the volume regulation of guard cells and stomatal closure [8–10]. Four orthologs of SLAC1, SLAH1-4 have been identified in Arabidopsis and constitute the SLAC/SLAH family [8]. However, the physiological roles of SLAC/SLAH family proteins in plant immunity have not yet been elucidated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of S-type anion channels in disease resistance against an oomycete pathogen in Arabidopsis seedlings

Kurusu

Mitsuka

Yagi

et al. 2018

Communicative & Integrative Biology

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Pharmacological indications suggest that anion channel-mediated plasma membrane (PM) anion efflux is crucial in early defense signaling to induce immune responses and programmed cell death in plants. Arabidopsis SLAC1, an S-type anion channel required for stomatal closure, is involved in cryptogein-induced PM Cl− efflux to positively modulate the activation of other ion fluxes, production of reactive oxygen species and a wide range of defense responses including hypersensitive cell death in tobacco BY-2 cells. We here analyzed disease resistance against several pathogens in multiple mutants of the SLAC/SLAH channels of Arabidopsis. Resistance against a biotrophic oomycete Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis Noco2 was significantly enhanced in the SLAC1-overexpressing plants than in the wild-type, while that against a bacteria Pseudomonas syringae was not affected significantly. Possible regulatory roles of S-type anion channels in plant immunity and disease resistance against bacterial and oomycete pathogens is discussed.

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CO2 regulator SLAC1 and its homologues are essential for anion homeostasis in plant cells

Cited by 557 publications

References 30 publications

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

The role of vacuolar processing enzymes in plant immunity

A molecular pathway for CO2 response in Arabidopsis guard cells

Involvement of S-type anion channels in disease resistance against an oomycete pathogen in Arabidopsis seedlings

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