Co-removal of phosphorus and nitrogen with commercial 201 × 7 anion exchange resin during tertiary treatment of WWTP effluent and phosphate recovery

Abstract

2014): Co-removal of phosphorus and nitrogen with commercial 201 × 7 anion exchange resin during tertiary treatment of WWTP effluent and phosphate recovery, Desalination and Water Treatment, A B S T R A C TExcessive nitrogen and phosphorus discharge into natural water from wastewater treatment plants still have the potential of causing eutrophication. How to remove those excessive nitrogen and phosphorus in an appropriate way is welcome in practice. This study co-removed nitrate and phosphorus via the operation of commercial 201 × 7 exchange resin column, and recovered phosphate simultaneously. Experimental results demonstrated that the adsorption of PO 3À 4 -P onto the 201 × 7 resin satisfactorily fitted to Freundlich isotherm, while NO À 3 -N followed Langmuir model, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 12.47 mg/g for PO 3À 4 -P and 107.59 mg/g for NO À 3 -N, respectively. Up to 92% of PO 3À 4 -P and 90% of NO À 3 -N in the secondary effluent were recovered by 201 × 7 resin column under the optimal flow rate of 50 BV/h. The exhausted 201 × 7 resin could be regenerated by 5% NaCl within 1 h at a flow rate of 15 BV/h. Moreover, this regeneration would guarantee the effluent PO 3À 4 -P and NO À 3 -N are lower than the breakthrough points even when 1175 BV wastewater passed the resin column. These findings are of great significance for ensuring stricter effluent phosphorus and total nitrogen discharge criteria.

A comprehensive review on nitrate and phosphate removal and recovery from aqueous solutions by adsorption

“…Moreover, as the experimental work of this study indicated, passing effluent from the Purolite column through the HFO column removed almost all phosphate and the series column set up removed both nitrate and phosphate from wastewater (Das Gupta et al 2012). Another commercial 201 Â 7 exchange resin column was used for the simultaneous removal of nitrate and phosphate from aqueous solution (Wei et al 2015). Experimental results indicated a maximum nitrate and phosphate adsorption capacity of 107.59 and 12.47 mg/g, respectively.…”

“…The selected eluent needs to be non-interacting with the surface of the adsorbent during the repeated use (the adsorbent should be insoluble and not have surface interaction with the eluent). Different concentrations of HCl (Rezaei Kalantary et al 2016;Song et al 2016); H 2 SO 4 (Lee et al 2018); NaOH (Chatterjee & Woo 2009;Xie et al 2014;Drenkova-Tuhtan et al 2017;Rashidi Nodeh et al 2017;Wu et al 2017;Jiang et al 2018;Liao et al 2018;Pham et al 2019;Shi et al 2019;Alagha et al 2020;Sereshti et al 2020); NaCl-NaOH binary solution (Zhang et al 2016;Banu & Meenakshi 2017;Qiu et al 2017), NaCl (Wei et al 2015;Liu et al 2019aLiu et al , 2019b; citric acid (Jiang et al 2017a(Jiang et al , 2017b, and Na 2 CO 3 (Anirudhan et al 2012) were used as nitrate and phosphate leaching agent from their adsorbents. Basic solution interferes with the pH driven electrostatic interaction between nitrate and phosphate ions and metal cation (Rashidi Nodeh et al 2017;Liao et al 2018;Sereshti et al 2020).…”

Evaluation of phosphate adsorption by porous strong base anion exchangers having hydroxyethyl substituents: kinetics, equilibrium, and thermodynamics

“…To decide which model should be considered as the most appropriate, Elovich model, which indicates the role of heterogeneity of the adsorbent surface and also supports chemisorption as possible mechanism of sorption, was fitted on the kinetic data. As can be seen, the values of R 2 for Elovich model are high (0.9122 and 0.9314), and this indicates chemisorption as possible mechanism of sorption (Liu et al 2013;Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015).…”

“…The most investigated sorbents for their performances in phosphate removal could be grouped in (1) biomass-derived sorbents (Karthikeyan et al 2019;Wilson 2016, 2017), (2) inorganic oxides (Hao et al 2019;Jing et al 2020;Liu et al 2011;Wu et al 2019), (3) composite sorbents (Dragan et al 2019;Du et al 2020;Jia et al 2020;Li et al 2019;Liao et al 2020;Luo et al 2018Luo et al , 2019Rashid et al 2017;Wan et al 2017;Zong et al 2018), and (4) ion exchangers (Ding et al 2012;Liao et al 2020;Liu et al 2013; Responsible Editor: Tito Roberto Cadaval Jr Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015;Zarrabi et al 2014;Zhu et al 2017). Various ion exchangers have been evaluated for their sorption capacity of phosphate, either alone (Ding et al 2012;Liao et al 2020;Liu et al 2013;Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015;Zarrabi et al 2014) or as hybrids with metal salts (Zhu et al 2017). It has been reported that strong base anion exchangers (SBAEx) constitute a convenient alternative for phosphate adsorption/ recovery (Ding et al 2012;Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015).…”

“…Various ion exchangers have been evaluated for their sorption capacity of phosphate, either alone (Ding et al 2012;Liao et al 2020;Liu et al 2013;Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015;Zarrabi et al 2014) or as hybrids with metal salts (Zhu et al 2017). It has been reported that strong base anion exchangers (SBAEx) constitute a convenient alternative for phosphate adsorption/ recovery (Ding et al 2012;Sowmya and Meenakshi 2014;Wei et al 2015). To increase the adsorption performances of the ion exchangers in the removal of phosphate and nitrate, a special attention has been paid to the sorbent hydrophobicity because it was observed that the increase of the hydrophobic character of the sorbent could determine the increase of the sorbent selectivity for a certain anion (Bui et al 2018).…”