Co-located wind-wave farm synergies (Operation &amp; Maintenance): A case study

Astariz, S.; Pérez-Collazo, Carlos; Abanades, J.; Iglesias, G.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2014.11.060

Cited by 77 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Co-located WECs deployed at the periphery of the wind farm could produce a shielding effect over the offshore wind farm that enlarges the weather windows for O & M. This increase in the accessibility to the wind turbines brings in reduced downtime and, thus, in considerable cost savings-around 25% of the O & M costs that would lead to an reduction in the overall project cost of energy of 2.3 percent [102]. The analysis of the shadow effect provided by co-located WECs at the periphery of a wind farm was investigated in previous studies [55,103,104] through four real wind farms currently in operation, whose locations and characteristics are presented in Figure 5 and Table 5, respectively. Comparing this information, it can be stated that these four wind farms encompass a wide variety of characteristics on which to establish a comparative analysis.…”

Section: Enlarged Weather Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, other synergies arise when this combination is considered, such as a better predictability of the energetic resource [49], smoothed power output [54] or enlarged weather windows for operation and maintenance tasks [55]. The latter is of special interest for this paper: The energy extraction of an array of WECs creates a wake that modifies the local wave climate by reducing the mean wave height, which is known as the shadow effect [56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

Astariz

Iglesias

2015

Energies

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Abstract:Wave energy is one of the most promising alternatives to fossil fuels due to the enormous available resource; however, its development may be slowed as it is often regarded as uneconomical. The largest cost reductions are expected to be obtained through economies of scale and technological progress. In this sense, the incorporation of wave energy systems into offshore wind energy farms is an opportunity to foster the development of wave energy. The synergies between both renewables can be realised through these co-located energy farms and, thus, some challenges of offshore wind energy can be met. Among them, this paper focuses on the longer non-operational periods of offshore wind turbines-relative to their onshore counterparts-typically caused by delays in maintenance due to the harsh marine conditions. Co-located wave energy converters would act as a barrier extracting energy from the waves and resulting in a shielding effect over the wind farm. On this basis, the aim of this paper is to analyse wave energy economics in a holistic way, as well as the synergies between wave and offshore wind energy, focusing on the shadow effect and the associated increase in the accessibility to the wind turbines.

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Section: Enlarged Weather Windowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

Astariz

Iglesias

2015

Energies

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“…Secondly, the impact on the local marine environment must be assessed in terms of the effect on the coastline [16][17][18] and the immediate marine ecosystem [19], amongst others. The above impacts are not necessarily negative, as a wave farm extracting energy from an incoming wave field can protect vulnerable coastlines [20][21][22] or other renewable energy installations [23,24]. Thirdly, a WEC must be chosen to suit the conditions in which energy extraction is occurring, both to minimise negative impacts and to efficiently capture energy in a commercially [28]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Tests in the Development of WaveCat

et al. 2016

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WaveCat, a novel overtopping Wave Energy Converter, was tested with the aim of determining its performance under different sea states, establishing a starting point for optimisation of the device, numerical model validation and proof-of-concept for the control systems. The tests were carried out at a 1:30 scale in the Ocean Basin of the COAST Laboratory at University of Plymouth. A state-of-the-art control system was implemented, and overtopping rates and device motions were recorded alongside the wave field. It was observed that power generation is dependent on both the wave height and period, with smaller periods tending to produce greater overtopping rates, and therefore greater power generation, for the same wave height. Due to time constraints in the laboratory, only one configuration of draft/freeboard was tested; with this configuration, overtopping occurred under significant wave heights of 0.083 m or more, corresponding to 2.5 m or more in prototype values. These experimental results form the basis for future development and optimisation of WaveCat.

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“…Several researchers have studied the optimisation of maintenance strategies for offshore wind farms [23,20,3]. For example [39] propose a strategy based on a permanent base (using a hotel boat with a permanent repair team) within the farm allowing for rapid interventions in the case of a breakdown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and simulation of operation and maintenance strategy for offshore wind farms based on multi-agent system

Sahnoun¹,

Baudry

Mustafee

et al. 2015

J Intell Manuf

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Maintenance of offshore wind turbines is a complex and costly undertaking which acts as a barrier to the development of this source of energy. Factors such as the size of the turbines, the size of the wind farms, their distance from the coast, meteorological conditions, etc. make it difficult for the stakeholders to select the optimal maintenance strategy. With the objective of reducing costs and duration of such operations it is important that new maintenance techniques are investigated. In this paper we propose a hybrid model of maintenance that is based on multi-agent systems, which allows for the modelling of systems with dynamic interactions between multiple parts. A multi-criteria decision algorithm has been developed to allow analysis and selection of different maintenance strategies. A cost model that includes maintenance action cost, energy loss and installation of monitoring system cost has been presented. For the purposes of this research we have developed a simulator using NetLogo software and have provided experimental results. The results show that employing the proposed hybrid maintenance strategy could increase wind farm productivity and reduce maintenance cost.

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Co-located wind-wave farm synergies (Operation & Maintenance): A case study

Cited by 77 publications

References 46 publications

Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

Enhancing Wave Energy Competitiveness through Co-Located Wind and Wave Energy Farms. A Review on the Shadow Effect

Laboratory Tests in the Development of WaveCat

Modelling and simulation of operation and maintenance strategy for offshore wind farms based on multi-agent system

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