Co‐evolutionary hot and cold spots of selective pressure move in space and time

Smith, David L.; Ericson, Lars; Burdon, J. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01788.x

Cited by 49 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In accordance, the nineteen‐year study of the rust pathogen Triphragmium ulmariae on the wild plant Filipendula ulmaria illustrates that the relative impact of environmental factors, and dispersal limitation, varies among years (Smith et al. ). In our study, the relatively weak imprint of dispersal across several hundreds of meters in the second dispersal experiment indicates that, at least in some years and in some landscapes, dispersing spores frequently reach distances of a kilometer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dispersal, host genotype and environment shape the spatial dynamics of a parasite in the wild

Ekholm

Roslin

Pulkkinen

et al. 2017

Ecology

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Dispersal, environment and genetic variation may all play a role in shaping host-parasite dynamics. Yet, in natural systems, their relative importance remains unresolved. Here, we do so for the epidemiology of a specialist parasite (Erysiphe alphitoides) on the pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). For this purpose, we combine evidence from a multi-year field survey and two dispersal experiments, all conducted at the landscape scale. Patterns detected in the field survey suggest that the parasite is structured as a metapopulation, with trees in denser oak stands characterized by higher parasite occupancy, higher colonization rates and lower extinction rates. The dispersal experiments revealed a major impact of the environment and of host genotype on the presence and abundance of the parasite, with a weaker but detectable imprint of dispersal limitation. Overall, our findings emphasize that dispersal, host genotype and the environment jointly shape the spatial dynamics of a parasite in the wild.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dispersal, host genotype and environment shape the spatial dynamics of a parasite in the wild

Ekholm

Roslin

Pulkkinen

et al. 2017

Ecology

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“…The relationship detected here between mean monthly (April‐November) temperature patterns in 1 year and pathogen extinction rates in the subsequent winter underlines the impact that these climatic changes are having on the Triphragmium‐Filipendula association. Seen in the light of the variable environmental conditions within and between the individual populations in the archipelago (Smith, Ericson, & Burdon, ; Smith et al., ), the strong temperature effect on the epidemiology of T. ulmariae across the archipelago as a whole is likely to reflect the effect of some temperature‐related factor(s) on critical stage(s) in the lifecycle of the rust. The sensitivity of infection processes in T. ulmariae to increasing temperature is unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change accelerates local disease extinction rates in a long‐term wild host–pathogen association

Zhan

Ericson

Burdon

2018

Global Change Biology

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Pathogens are a significant component of all plant communities. In recent years, the potential for existing and emerging pathogens of agricultural crops to cause increased yield losses as a consequence of changing climatic patterns has raised considerable concern. In contrast, the response of naturally occurring, endemic pathogens to a warming climate has received little attention. Here, we report on the impact of a signature variable of global climate change - increasing temperature - on the long-term epidemiology of a natural host-pathogen association involving the rust pathogen Triphragmium ulmariae and its host plant Filipendula ulmaria. In a host-pathogen metapopulation involving approximately 230 host populations growing on an archipelago of islands in the Gulf of Bothnia we assessed changes in host population size and pathogen epidemiological measures over a 25-year period. We show how the incidence of disease and its severity declines over that period and most importantly demonstrate a positive association between a long-term trend of increasing extinction rates in individual pathogen populations of the metapopulation and increasing temperature. Our results are highly suggestive that changing climatic patterns, particularly mean monthly growing season (April-November) temperature, are markedly influencing the epidemiology of plant disease in this host-pathogen association. Given the important role plant pathogens have in shaping the structure of communities, changes in the epidemiology of pathogens have potentially far-reaching impacts on ecological and evolutionary processes. For these reasons, it is essential to increase understanding of pathogen epidemiology, its response to warming, and to invoke these responses in forecasts for the future.

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“…From an evolutionary perspective, the wild part of the AE interface is far from a homogeneous landscape (Burdon and Thrall ) and is better characterized as a mosaic of selection forces and intensity with different demes representing coevolutionary hot and cold spots (Thompson ; Smith et al. ). The spatial scale of local adaptation of both pathogen and plant populations can also be highly variable (Laine ; Jousimo et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop pathogen emergence and evolution in agro‐ecological landscapes

Papaïx

Burdon

Zhan

et al. 2015

Evolutionary Applications

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Remnant areas hosting natural vegetation in agricultural landscapes can impact the disease epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of crop pathogens. However, the potential consequences for crop diseases of the composition, the spatial configuration and the persistence time of the agro-ecological interface – the area where crops and remnant vegetation are in contact – have been poorly studied. Here, we develop a demographic–genetic simulation model to study how the spatial and temporal distribution of remnant wild vegetation patches embedded in an agricultural landscape can drive the emergence of a crop pathogen and its subsequent specialization on the crop host. We found that landscape structures that promoted larger pathogen populations on the wild host facilitated the emergence of a crop pathogen, but such landscape structures also reduced the potential for the pathogen population to adapt to the crop. In addition, the evolutionary trajectory of the pathogen population was determined by interactions between the factors describing the landscape structure and those describing the pathogen life histories. Our study contributes to a better understanding of how the shift of land-use patterns in agricultural landscapes might influence crop diseases to provide predictive tools to evaluate management practices.

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Co‐evolutionary hot and cold spots of selective pressure move in space and time

Cited by 49 publications

References 26 publications

Dispersal, host genotype and environment shape the spatial dynamics of a parasite in the wild

Dispersal, host genotype and environment shape the spatial dynamics of a parasite in the wild

Climate change accelerates local disease extinction rates in a long‐term wild host–pathogen association

Crop pathogen emergence and evolution in agro‐ecological landscapes

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