CNF-reinforced polymer aerogels: Influence of the synthesis variables and economic evaluation

Víctor-Román, Sandra; Simón-Herrero, Carolina; Romero, Amaya; Gracia, Ignacio; Valverde, J.L.; Sánchez-Silva, L.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2014.10.026

Cited by 21 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The aim of this research was the preparation of carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymer aerogels to be used as insulating materials for building applications. In a previous work [15], the mechanical properties of these novel materials were analyzed by means of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The values of storage modulus (E 0 ) and loss modulus (E 00 ) of the aerogels were higher than those of the pure PVA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method used for the preparation of carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymer aerogels has been reported elsewhere [15]. A solution of polymer (polyvinyl alcohol) in deionized water (1745.6 mg of PVA in 35 mL of water) was prepared under vigorous stirring until its complete dissolution (82°C); 4.4 mg of CNFs was dispersed in water using an ultrasonic bath (1 h at room temperature).…”

Section: Secondary Dryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, carbon nanofiber aerogels exhibit excellent fire resistance when they are exposed to the flame of the alcohol burner [13]. Polyvinyl alcohol aerogels based on carbon nanofiber (CNF aerogels) by means of the freeze-drying process have successfully synthesized in previous works [14,15]. The influence of the CNF content in the polymer aerogel and the use of different solvents on the physical, morphological and mechanical properties of the final aerogel composites were evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of freeze-drying conditions on aerogel properties

et al. 2016

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Carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymer aerogels have been successfully synthesized by means of a freeze-drying process. The influence of the different operation conditions on both the process efficiency and the aerogel physical properties has been evaluated. Morphology, porosity and conductivity of the resulting carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymer aerogels were investigated. Their density and porosity increased when the freezing time decreased. However, the porosity of the carbon nanofiber-reinforced polymer aerogels increased and when both the vacuum pressure and the freeze-drying temperature increased, respectively. No clear effect of the operating conditions on the thermal conductivity of the aerogels synthesized was detected, ranging from 0.037 to 0.069 W/m K. The low values of thermal conductivity obtained suggest that these materials could be used for building insulation purposes. In addition, the addition of carbon nanofibers allowed to increase the mechanical resistance of the final product to be used as building insulation materials to reduce the energy consumption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Secondary Dryingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of freeze-drying conditions on aerogel properties

et al. 2016

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“…[ 18 ] Additionally, some studies have developed soluble polymers, such as polyvinyl alcohol/CNF composite aerogels, using the solution blend method. [ 19,20 ] However compared with water‐soluble polymers, cheap and general polymers such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), and so on, which can possibly improve the mechanical properties of aerogels at a lower cost, have been given little attention in the development of composites with CNF aerogels. So, it will be more interesting and meaningful to develop a new and facile method for the fabrication of CNF aerogels composited with nonwater‐soluble polymers and their further functionalization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Nanocellulose/Polymer Composite Aerogel as Solid‐State Fluorescence Probe by Pickering Emulsion Route

Zhou

et al. 2020

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…124 To optimize various material properties of polymeric aerogels, such as mechanical properties, electrical and thermal properties, many types of fillers have been used. By incorporating carbon nanofiber (CNF) into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aerogel, 125 both storage modulus and loss modulus of the pure polymer aerogel can be enhanced, indicating successful reinforcement. Simultaneously, the introduction of CNF also reduces thermal conductivity and surface area.…”

Section: Polymeric Aerogelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and functional properties of nano-structured polyvinylidene fluoride and its carbon nanotube composites

Chen¹

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Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) is one type of semicrystalline fluoropolymers that has been widely used in automotive and chemical industries, semiconductor, biomedical and sensor applications; owing to its superior chemical resistance, excellent mechanical properties and unique electronic properties. Polymeric composites containing nanoscale fillers, such as graphene, carbon nanotube (CNTs) or nanoclay often render polymers with interesting mechanical, structural, electrical, optical and many other functional properties. The objective of this work is to improve mechanical and functional properties of PVDF by the advantageous introduction of CNTs. Studies will focus on the preparation methodology of PVDF/CNTs composites with uniform morphology, the interaction between CNTs and polymer matrix and surface treatment of CNTs. The surface properties of CNTs often play an important role in determining the performance of polymer/CNTs composites. Therefore, in the first study, we focused on studying the surface functionalization of CNTs. Controlled thermal annealing in air was employed in order to oxidize CNTs. It was found that longer time/higher temperature can effectively increase the oxygen content in CNTs. Shorter duration/higher temperature annealing results in more CO -C groups than longer duration/lower temperature annealing, while the latter yields more C=O groups. The mechanism of CNT surface functionalization by air annealing was proposed. In the following work, PVDF/CNTs composites with well dispersed and distributed CNTs were fabricated using both solution mixing and melt extrusion strategies. The introduction of low content of CNTs lead to an unusual observation of large enhancement in ductility; while marginal increase were observed for Young's modulus and tensile strength. Systematic characterizations lead to the conclusion that the unexpected phenomenon is correlated with the change of polymorphs because of the existence of CNTs. Mechanism of phase

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CNF-reinforced polymer aerogels: Influence of the synthesis variables and economic evaluation

Cited by 21 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of freeze-drying conditions on aerogel properties

Effects of freeze-drying conditions on aerogel properties

Novel Nanocellulose/Polymer Composite Aerogel as Solid‐State Fluorescence Probe by Pickering Emulsion Route

Mechanical and functional properties of nano-structured polyvinylidene fluoride and its carbon nanotube composites

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