Clustering vs Multi-Sets Method in Resistance Training: Effect on Heart Rate Variability

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of two different methods (clustering and multi-sets) on resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV) in young adults. A total of 31 volunteers were randomly divided into three groups: clustering (GCL), multi-sets (GMS) and control group (CG). Group and time interaction was identified (F(3, 28) = 36.71, P < 0.01), with reduction in CG (P = 0.01) and increase in GCL (P = 0.01) and GMS (P = 0.01). It was concluded that both clustering and multi-sets enhanced HRV after 8 weeks of resistance training in trained young adult males.

Effects of Different Training Interventions on Heart Rate Variability and Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors in Young and Middle-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review

“…Two trials did not differentiate the ages between training and control group (Heydari et al, 2013 ; Schumann et al, 2017 ). Six trials included only women (Wu et al, 2011 ; Badrov et al, 2013 ; Boutcher et al, 2013 ; Chu et al, 2015 ; de Rezende Barbosa et al, 2016 ; da Silva et al, 2019 ), 14 trials included only men (Gamelin et al, 2007 ; Heffernan et al, 2007 , 2009 ; Martinmaki et al, 2008 ; Bond et al, 2009 ; Buchheit et al, 2010 ; Heydari et al, 2013 ; Pal et al, 2014 ; Duarte et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2017 ; Moreira et al, 2017 ; Nuuttila et al, 2017 ; Schumann et al, 2017 ; Sousa Fortes et al, 2018 ), and six trials included both genders (Cooke and Carter, 2005 ; Kiviniemi et al, 2010 ; McHugh et al, 2012 ; Cheema et al, 2013 ; Brown et al, 2014 ; Varela-Sanz et al, 2017 ). Based on our inclusion criteria, all studies involved healthy participants.…”

“…In four trials, HRV was recorded in sitting position (Wu et al, 2011 ; Brown et al, 2014 ; Kim et al, 2017 ; Moreira et al, 2017 ), and in one trial in standing position (da Silva et al, 2019 ). Two trials did not provide any information about position (Bond et al, 2009 ; Sousa Fortes et al, 2018 ).…”

“…One study used a paced breathing with six breaths/min (Bond et al, 2009 ), four studies with twelve breaths/min (Gamelin et al, 2007 ; Heffernan et al, 2007 , 2009 ; McHugh et al, 2012 ), and two studies with 15 breaths/min (Cooke and Carter, 2005 ; Kim et al, 2017 ). Nine studies did not report their breathing protocol (Wu et al, 2011 ; Brown et al, 2014 ; Pal et al, 2014 ; Chu et al, 2015 ; Moreira et al, 2017 ; Nuuttila et al, 2017 ; Schumann et al, 2017 ; Varela-Sanz et al, 2017 ; Sousa Fortes et al, 2018 ).…”

“…Thirteen Studies provided no information about ECG signals sampling frequency. Ten studies (Gamelin et al, 2007 ; Heffernan et al, 2007 , 2009 ; Martinmaki et al, 2008 ; McHugh et al, 2012 ; Badrov et al, 2013 ; Heydari et al, 2013 ; Chu et al, 2015 ; Duarte et al, 2015 ; Sousa Fortes et al, 2018 ) recorded ECG with an ideal sampling rate (Sammito and Böckelmann, 2015 ) of at least 1.000 Hz. One study recorded at 256 Hz (Kim et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Regarding cardiovascular and health risk factors, we decided to consider only factors, reported in at least three articles: baroreflex sensitivity (BR), blood pressure (BP), body fat (BF), body mass (BM), body mass index (BMI), heart rate recovery (HRR), and VO 2 max or VO 2 peak. Four studies did not assess the effects on any health parameter (Cheema et al, 2013 ; Chu et al, 2015 ; de Rezende Barbosa et al, 2016 ; Sousa Fortes et al, 2018 ). VO 2 max or VO 2 peak were the most commonly used factors (13 of 22 studies) (Gamelin et al, 2007 ; Heffernan et al, 2007 , 2009 ; Martinmaki et al, 2008 ; Bond et al, 2009 ; Kiviniemi et al, 2010 ; McHugh et al, 2012 ; Boutcher et al, 2013 ; Heydari et al, 2013 ; Kim et al, 2017 ; Nuuttila et al, 2017 ; Schumann et al, 2017 ; Varela-Sanz et al, 2017 ), while only three studies assessed BR (Cooke and Carter, 2005 ; Heffernan et al, 2009 ; Heydari et al, 2013 ).…”