Clustering of leptin and physical activity with components of metabolic syndrome in Iranian population: an exploratory factor analysis

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), manifested by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, central obesity, and hypertension, is conceived to be associated with hyperleptinemia and physical activity. The aim of this study was to elucidate the factors underlying components of MetS and also to test the suitability of leptin and physical activity as additional components of this syndrome. Data of the individuals without history of diabetes mellitus, aged 25-64 years, from third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases (SuRFNCD-2007), were analyzed. Performing factor analysis on waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) led to extraction of two factors which explained around 59.0% of the total variance in both genders. When TG and HDL-C were replaced by TG to HDL-C ratio, a single factor was obtained. In contrast to physical activity, addition of leptin was consistent with one-factor structure of MetS and improved the ability of suggested models to identify obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2, P<0.01), using receiver-operator characteristics curve analysis. In general, physical activity loaded on the first identified factor. Our study shows that one underlying factor structure of MetS is also plausible and the inclusion of leptin does not interfere with this structure. Further, this study suggests that physical activity influences MetS components via modulation of the main underlying pathophysiologic pathway of this syndrome.

Leptin cut-off values for determination of metabolic syndrome: third national surveillance of risk factors of non-communicable diseases in Iran (SuRFNCD-2007)

“…The results of the present study demonstrated that the predictive values of leptin cutoffs for identifying MetS are similar or slightly better than This finding emphasizes on the prominent role of leptin in clustering of MetS components, and places leptin beside insulin resistance as a key feature of MetS. This is also in line with the findings of our previous study, which showed that inclusion of leptin as a component of MetS does not interfere with the theory of one-factor structure of MetS [16]. Limitations in the current study warrant discussion.…”

“…Along with insulin resistance, leptin is also crucially involved in the constellation of MetS features [12]. In line with some previous studies, recently we have shown that leptin exhibits the potential to be included as a component of MetS or utilized as a single predictor of MetS [13][14][15][16].…”

A hypertriglyceridemic state increases high sensitivity C-reactive protein of Japanese men with normal glucose tolerance

“…Thus, nonpharmacologic interventions that involve aggressive lifestyle modification, such as hypocaloric Mediterranean diet and adequate physical activity, should be the first line therapy [26,27]. Limitations of our study are that hs-CRP and lipid parameters were measured only once, and thus could reflect random fluctuations and intra-individual variations.…”

The Role of Metabolic Syndrome and Related Clinical Variables in Determining CEA Levels

“…It has been shown that subjects with MetS tend to have hyperinsulinemia and high levels of insulin resistance measures [9,12]. Considering the fact that insulin and some of its precursors (i.e.…”

“…underlying pathophysiological pathways involved in the clustering of MetS components are not fully understood [12]. However, insulin resistance has been regarded to play an important role in the pathogenesis of MetS [13].…”