Clostridium difficile PCR ribotypes 001 and 176 – the common denominator of C. difficile infection epidemiology in the Czech Republic, 2014

Abstract

In 2014, 18 hospitals in the Czech Republic participated in a survey of the incidence of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in the country. The mean CDI incidence was 6.1 (standard deviation (SD):7.2) cases per 10,000 patient bed-days and 37.8 cases (SD: 41.4) per 10,000 admissions. The mean CDI testing frequency was 39.5 tests (SD: 25.4) per 10,000 patient bed-days and 255.8 tests (SD: 164.0) per 10,000 admissions. A total of 774 C. difficile isolates were investigated, of which 225 (29%) belonged to PCR ribotype 176, and 184 isolates (24%) belonged to PCR ribotype 001. Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) revealed 27 clonal complexes formed by 84% (190/225) of PCR ribotype 176 isolates, and 14 clonal complexes formed by 77% (141/184) of PCR ribotype 001 isolates. Clonal clusters of PCR ribotypes 176 and 001 were observed in 11 and 7 hospitals, respectively. Our data demonstrate the spread of two C. difficile PCR ribotypes within 18 hospitals in the Czech Republic, stressing the importance of standardising CDI testing protocols and implementing mandatory CDI surveillance in the country.

Strong antimicrobial activity of xanthohumol and other derivatives from hops (Humulus lupulus L.) on gut anaerobic bacteria

“…Ribotype 176 is related to ribotype 027 and can be misidentified as 027 by a commercial test . The antibiotic multiresistance of these ribotypes has been reported . In contrast to these facts, the susceptibility to bitter acids and xanthohumol is not ribotype‐dependent.…”

Difficile indeed

“…Data from enhanced surveillance in the Czech Republic in 2014 are presented by Krutova et al [12]. Voluntary participation of 18 hospitals, covering 30% of the country's hospital bed capacity, yielded an incidence of 6.1 cases per 10,000 patient bed-days for both CA-and HA-CDI, and 774 isolates that were ribotyped.…”

The association of a reduced susceptibility to moxifloxacin in causative Clostridium (Clostridioides) difficile strain with the clinical outcome of patients

“…In the Czech Republic, the CDI incidence density was shown to have a downward trend when compared to studies performed in 2014 (6.1 CDI cases per 10,000 patient-days) [15] and 2015 (5.2 CDI cases per 10,000 days) [16]. A further reduction to 3.9 cases per 10.000 patient-days was found in 2016 when the ECDC standardized protocol was adopted in 19 Czech hospitals [7].…”