Clostridium difficile isolates derived from Czech horses are resistant to enrofloxacin; cluster to clades 1 and 5 and ribotype 033 predominates

Kecerova, Zuzana; Čížek, Alois; Nyč, Otakar; Krutova, Marcela

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2019.01.005

Cited by 24 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Enrichment culture was performed in all faecal samples as described previously [ 19 ]. Approximately 0.5 g of faeces, were inoculated into cyloserine-cefoxitin fructose enrichment broth (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) supplemented with 0.1% sodium taurocholate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and incubated at 37 °C for 7 days in an anaerobic chamber Concept 300 (Ruskinn Technology, Bridgend, UK).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Colonisation of Calves in Czech Large-Scale Dairy Farms by Clonally-Related Clostridioides difficile of the Sequence Type 11 Represented by Ribotypes 033 and 126

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To investigate a possible Clostridioides difficile reservoir in the Czech Republic, we performed a study in 297 calves from 29 large-scale dairy farms. After enrichment, faecal samples were inoculated onto selective agar for C. difficile. From the 297 samples, 44 C. difficile isolates were cultured (prevalence of 14.8%, 10 farms). The Holstein breed and use of digestate were associated with C. difficile colonisation (p ˂ 0.05). C. difficile isolates belonged to the ribotype/sequence type: RT033/ST11 (n = 37), RT126/ST11 (n = 6) and RT046/ST35 (n = 1). A multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis revealed four clonal complexes of RT033 isolates and one clonal complex of RT126 isolates. All isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin, metronidazole and vancomycin. Forty isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, twenty-one to clindamycin, seven to erythromycin, seven to tetracycline and six to moxifloxacin. Moxifloxacin resistant isolates revealed an amino-acid substitution Thr82Ile in the GyrA. In conclusion, the calves of Holstein breed from farms using digestate as a product of bio-gas plants are more likely to be colonised by clonally-related C. difficile of ST 11 represented by ribotypes 033 and 126. The identified resistance to moxifloxacin with a Thr82Ile substitution in the GyrA highlights the need for further monitoring by the “One health approach”.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Colonisation of Calves in Czech Large-Scale Dairy Farms by Clonally-Related Clostridioides difficile of the Sequence Type 11 Represented by Ribotypes 033 and 126

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…; Kecerova et al . ). This finding suggests that animals and humans may share a common source (Rupnik ), and it has been shown that there is substantial overlap of C. difficile strains present in humans and animals (Keessen et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…CDI is an emerging disease, both in human patients and in animals used for food Balsells et al 2018;Crobach et al 2018;Rodriguez Diaz et al 2018). The bacterium C. difficile not only causes disease in humans, it is also able to cause enteric disease in several animal species, such as horses, piglets, calves and other domestic animals (B averud 2002;Rupnik 2007;Rupnik et al 2009;Kecerova et al 2019). This finding suggests that animals and humans may share a common source (Rupnik 2007), and it has been shown that there is substantial overlap of C. difficile strains present in humans and animals Rodriguez Diaz et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Krijger

Meerburg

Harmanus

et al. 2019

Lett Appl Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With wild rodents and insectivores being present around humans and their living, working and food production environments, it is important to gain knowledge of the zoonotic pathogens present in these animals. The enteropathogen Clostridium difficile, an opportunistic anaerobic bacteria, can be carried by both animals and humans, and is distributed globally. It is known that there is genetic overlap between human and animal sources of C. difficile. In this study, the aim was to assess the presence of C. difficile in rodents and insectivores trapped on and around pig and cattle farms in the Netherlands. In total 347 rodents and insectivores (10 different species) were trapped and 39·2% tested positive for presence of C. difficile. For all positive samples the ribotype (RT) was determined, and in total there were 13 different RTs found (in descending order of frequency: 057, 010, 029, 005, 073, 078, 015, 035, 454, 014, 058, 062, 087). Six of the RTs isolated from rodents and insectivores are known to be associated with human C. difficile infection; RT005, RT010, RT014, RT015, RT078 and RT087. The presence of rodents and insectivores in and around food production buildings (e.g. farms) could contribute to the spread of C. difficile in the human environment. In order to enable on‐farm management for pathogen control, it is essential to comprehend the role of wild rodents and insectivores that could potentially affect the ecology of disease agents on farms. Significance and Impact of the Study This study shows that rodents and insectivores in and around food production buildings (e.g. farms) can carry Clostridium difficile ribotypes associated with human C. difficile infection (CDI). C. difficile spores in rodent and insectivore droppings are able to survive in the environment for prolonged periods, leading to host‐to‐host exposure and transmission. Therefore we can state that rodent and insectivore presence on farms is a risk for zoonotic pathogen transmission of C. difficile.

show abstract

“…A recent study conducted in the Czech Republic, reports a great diversity of C. difficile ribotypes in horses (7 ribotypes: 033; 081; 009; 003; 010; 012; 039, including toxigenic and non-toxigenic C. difficile strains while ribotype 033 predominates [124]. Reports from Slovenia, Italy, the Netherlands and Belgium demonstrated C. difficile carriage rates from 3.7% to 33.3% with a remarkably high diversity of detected ribotypes, just ribotype 014 was detected in three of the five studies [89,123,125].…”

Section: Difficile In Horsesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile in Food-Producing Animals, Horses and Household Pets: A Comprehensive Review

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile is ubiquitous in the environment and is also considered as a bacterium of great importance in diarrhea-associated disease for humans and different animal species. Food animals and household pets are frequently found positive for toxigenic C. difficile without exposing clinical signs of infection. Humans and animals share common C. difficile ribotypes (RTs) suggesting potential zoonotic transmission. However, the role of animals for the development of human infection due to C. difficile remains unclear. One major public health issue is the existence of asymptomatic animals that carry and shed the bacterium to the environment, and infect individuals or populations, directly or through the food chain. C. difficile ribotype 078 is frequently isolated from food animals and household pets as well as from their environment. Nevertheless, direct evidence for the transmission of this particular ribotype from animals to humans has never been established. This review will summarize the current available data on epidemiology, clinical presentations, risk factors and laboratory diagnosis of C. difficile infection in food animals and household pets, outline potential prevention and control strategies, and also describe the current evidence towards a zoonotic potential of C. difficile infection.

show abstract

Clostridium difficile isolates derived from Czech horses are resistant to enrofloxacin; cluster to clades 1 and 5 and ribotype 033 predominates

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

The Colonisation of Calves in Czech Large-Scale Dairy Farms by Clonally-Related Clostridioides difficile of the Sequence Type 11 Represented by Ribotypes 033 and 126

The Colonisation of Calves in Czech Large-Scale Dairy Farms by Clonally-Related Clostridioides difficile of the Sequence Type 11 Represented by Ribotypes 033 and 126

Clostridium difficile in wild rodents and insectivores in the Netherlands

Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile in Food-Producing Animals, Horses and Household Pets: A Comprehensive Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About