Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in an ocelot (Leopardus pardalis)

Isolation and genotyping of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)

“…(ROLLAND et al, 1997). C. difficile has been reported in few other wild species, and it seems to be more common in synanthropic rodents and in captive animals under antibiotic therapy (SILVA et al, 2013;JARDINE et al, 2013;RODRIGUEZ-PALACIOS et al, 2013;HIMSWORTH et al, 2014;SILVA et al, 2014a;SILVA et al, 2014b). As this was not the case in the present study, the absence of C. difficile in the sampled animals was not a surprise.…”

“…Silva et al Clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen in humans and causes diarrhea and enterocolitis in domestic animals (RODRIGUEZ-PALACIOS et al, 2013). There are few studies about this enteropathogen in wild animals, but confirmed cases of C. difficile infection (CDI) have been reported in some species (BOJESEN et al, 2006;SILVA et al, 2013). In addition, recent studies have shown that wild animals can harbor C. difficile strains genetically similar to those responsible for CDI in humans (JARDINE et al, 2013;HIMSWORTH et al, 2014;SILVA et al, 2014;ANDRÉS-LASHERAS et al, 2017).…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridium difficile isolated from animals and humans in Brazil

“…Table 1 summarizes the species and strains included in this study as well as their clinical history. These isolates belong to the Clostridium strains library of the Veterinary School of Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and were isolated in previous published works (between 2009 and 2013) or ongoing projects (SILVA et al, 2011;SILVA et al, 2013b, Silva et al, 2013cSILVA et al, 2013d). After isolation and confi rmation of identity by a previous described multiplex PCR (SILVA et al, 2011), all strains were lyophilized and kept at -20°C until reconstitution for this work.…”

“…However recently, its effects on wild species have been reported (BOJESEN et al, 2006;SILVA et al, 2013b). Similar to the human disease, C. diffi cile infections (CDIs) in animals are commonly associated with antimicrobial treatments (BÅVERUD, 2004;SONGER et al, 2009;HOPMAN et al, 2011;SILVA et al, 2012).…”

Clostridium difficile in Food and Animals: A Comprehensive Review

“…Besides clinical reports of CDI in exotic animals, such as Asian elephants (Bojesen et al 2006) and ocelots (Silva et al 2013a), C. difficile has been also isolated from faecal samples of captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in confinement facilities in Ohio, USA, with a prevalence of 36.7 % (French et al 2010). Furthermore, different studies have investigated the presence of the bacterium in wild animals, including wild passerine birds (Bandelj et al 2011) and barn swallows (Bandelj et al 2014); zoo animals (chimpanzees, dwarf goats, Iberian ibexes and plains zebras) (Á lvarez-Pérez et al 2014); sea otters (Miller et al 2010); free-living South America coatis (Silva et al 2014); small and medium-size wild mammals (raccoons, shrews, deer and house mice, rats, voles, opossum and groundhogs) (Jardine et al 2013); black and Norway rats (Firth et al 2014;Himsworth et al 2014); feral pigs (Thakur et al 2011) and Iberian free-range pigs (Á lvarez-Pérez et al 2013).…”