Clostridium difficile

McFee, Robin B.; Abdelsayed, George

doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2009.04.010

Cited by 24 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…There is well-established evidence that protection against severe CDI is mediated by systemic antibodies to TcdA and TcdB (10,34). In this study, we evaluated the ability of recombinant toxin fragments to induce robust immunity against lethal challenge with C. difficile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments

et al. 2013

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bClostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium that can reside in animals and humans. C. difficile infection causes a variety of clinical symptoms, ranging from diarrhea to fulminant colitis. Disease is mediated by TcdA and TcdB, two large enterotoxins released by C. difficile during colonization of the gut. In this study, we evaluated the ability of recombinant toxin fragments to induce neutralizing antibodies in mice. The protective efficacies of the most promising candidates were then evaluated in a hamster model of disease. While limited protection was observed with some combinations, coadministration of a cell binding domain fragment of TcdA (TcdA-B1) and the glucosyltransferase moiety of TcdB (TcdB-GT) induced systemic IgGs which neutralized both toxins and protected vaccinated animals from death following challenge with two strains of C. difficile. Further characterization revealed that despite high concentrations of toxin in the gut lumens of vaccinated animals during the acute phase of the disease, pathological damage was minimized. Assessment of gut contents revealed the presence of TcdA and TcdB antibodies, suggesting that systemic vaccination with this pair of recombinant polypeptides can limit the disease caused by toxin production during C. difficile infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical symptoms range from mild to severe diarrhea with relapsing episodes. Complications include severe pseudomembranous colitis (PMC), toxic megacolon, and sepsis (9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments

et al. 2013

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“…Approximately 16 to 35% of hospital patients are colonized with C. difficile (2). Most of these patients remain asymptomatic carriers, while some develop infections that vary from mild, watery diarrhea to fatal pseudomembranous colitis (9). The causes of this high variation in clinical presentation are not fully understood.…”

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confidence: 97%

Quantification of Clostridium difficile in Antibiotic-Associated-Diarrhea Patients

et al. 2011

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“…Particularly, the use of proton pump inhibitors and histamine H2 increase gastric ph, favoring bacterial colonization and proliferation in the intestinal lumen (16) . Therefore, the use of those drugs associated to antibiotics potentiate the risk developing of CD (6) .…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All antibiotics are currently related to the development of CD (2) . Severe outbreaks have been registered since 2000 in the United States (US), Canada and United Kingdom, with a high mortality rate that ranges from 6.9 to 16.7% (6) . Epidemiological changes were due to appearance of a new strain in the beginning of 2000 (5,7,8) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent changes in Clostridium difficile infection

Júnior

2012

Einstein (São Paulo)

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Clostridium difficile is the main cause of nosocomial diarrhea. Diarrhea associated with C. difficile has increased incidence, morbidity, and mortality in the last few years. The major related risk factors include use of antibiotics, elderly patients and prolonged hospital stay. Many patients receive combinations of antibiotics or multiple antibiotics, which represents the main risk to develop diarrhea associated to C. difficile or its recurrence. Therefore, interventions to improve antibiotic prescribing, as well as compliance with infection control measures can reduce hospital-acquired C. difficile infections. This review addresses the epidemiological changes in C. difficile disease and its treatment.

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Clostridium difficile

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments

Protective Efficacy Induced by Recombinant Clostridium difficile Toxin Fragments

Quantification of Clostridium difficile in Antibiotic-Associated-Diarrhea Patients

Recent changes in Clostridium difficile infection

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