Closing the door on illicit tobacco trade, opens the way to better tobacco control

Prasad, Vinay; Schwerdtfeger, U; El-Awa, Fatimah; Bettcher, Douglas; Silva, da Costa E

doi:10.26719/2015.21.6.379

Cited by 102 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Semen sample was collected at morning by patient masturbation into sterile plastic specimen cup in the hospital and all semen values were determined with compliance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations at the time of recruitment [ 39 , 40 ]. Subjects were instructed to abstain from ejaculation for at least 72 hours prior to producing the semen samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Spermatogenic Activity of Polyherbal Formulation in Oligospermic Males

Hussain

Hameed

Nasir

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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The therapeutic use of natural herbs is an ancient human civilization act and the numbers of people have reliance on their pharmacological properties and preferred to use the natural herbs. People also use to consume these herbs as supplements to energize, bolster, and eventually enhance sexual ability. Polyherbal formulation (PHF) is one of these herbal amalgams that can be used to treat sexual dysfunction including erectile dysfunction, impotence, ejaculation dysfunction, and hypogonadism. The pilot study was aimed at evaluating the capacity of PHF in enhancing the spermatogenic potential of oligospermic patients. Thirty-six male patients with oligospermia were enrolled and randomized either to treatment (n = 23) with PHF (750 mg/d in three doses for 90 days) or to placebo (n = 13) in the same protocol. The preintervention semen analysis was compared with posttreatment semen analysis. Based on the postintervention semen analysis, patients were advised to undergo either in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to assess their fertility status. After polyherbal treatment, there was a 256% increase in sperm concentration (9.59 ± 4.37 × 106/mL to 25.61 ± 8.6 × 106/mL; P ≤0.001), 154% increase in semen volume (1.7 ± 0.14 mL to 4.32 ± 0.38 mL; P ≤0.001), and 215% increase in sperm motility (15.43 ± 2.40% to 48.65 ± 5.10%; P ≤ 0.001) on day 90 from baseline. Furthermore, a significant improvement and regulation were also observed in serum hormone levels with PHF treatment as compared to the placebo group. The present study demonstrated the evidence on synergistic spermatogenic effect of PHF as attributed in ayurveda for the treatment of oligospermia leading to infertility.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Spermatogenic Activity of Polyherbal Formulation in Oligospermic Males

Hussain

Hameed

Nasir

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…Currently, the recommended daily intake (RDI) or adequate intake (AI) of vitamin K is based on the maintenance of normal blood coagulation [28,29]. The National Academy of Medicine in the US has set the AI of vitamin K1 at 120 µg/day for adult men and 90 µg/day for adult women [30]. The World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization have set the recommended dosages for vitamin K1 at 65 µg/day for men and 55 µg/day for women, on the basis of 1 µg/day/kg body weight [31].…”

Section: Daily Requirement Of Vitamin Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The National Academy of Medicine in the US has set the AI of vitamin K1 at 120 µg/day for adult men and 90 µg/day for adult women [29]. The World Health Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization have set the recommended dosages for vitamin K1 at 65 µg/day for men and 55 µg/day for women, on the basis of 1 µg/day/kg body weight [30]. The European Commission has set the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for vitamin K at 75 µg/day [31].…”

Section: Daily Requirement Of Vitamin Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

MK-7 and Its Effects on Bone Quality and Strength

Sato¹,

Inaba²,

Yamashita³

2020

Nutrients

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Vitamin K acts as a cofactor and is required for post-translational γ-carboxylation of vitamin K-dependent proteins (VKDP). The current recommended daily intake (RDI) of vitamin K in most countries has been established based on normal coagulation requirements. Vitamin K1 and menaquinone (MK)-4 has been shown to decrease osteocalcin (OC) γ-carboxylation at RDI levels. Among the several vitamin K homologs, only MK-7 (vitamin K2) can promote γ-carboxylation of extrahepatic VKDPs, OC, and the matrix Gla protein at a nutritional dose around RDI. MK-7 has higher efficacy due to its higher bioavailability and longer half-life than other vitamin K homologs. As vitamin K1, MK-4, and MK-7 have distinct bioactivities, their RDIs should be established based on their relative activities. MK-7 increases bone mineral density and promotes bone quality and strength. Collagen production, and thus, bone quality may be affected by MK-7 or MK-4 converted from MK-7. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the various properties of MK-7.

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“…LPV/r effectively reduces circulating HIV which in turn has been shown to reduce the risk of opportunistic infections in a pediatric population [ 3 ]. Despite a recommended twice-daily dosing regimen of LPV/r for patients as young as 14 days old [ 4 ], and even with recently approved LPV/r pellet formulation, poor palatability still exists, posing a challenge in patient compliance [ 5 ]. Furthermore, the current oral liquid formulation of LPV/r contains 42% ethanol (EtOH) and 15% propylene glycol which elicits an aversive response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Palatability of Lopinavir and Ritonavir Delivered by an Innovative Freeze-Dried Fast-Dissolving Tablet Formulation

Pittman

Brantly

Drobonick

et al. 2018

AIDS Research and Treatment

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Negative hedonic sensory qualities of HIV antiretroviral drugs often reduce patient adherence particularly in pediatric populations requiring oral consumption. This study examines the palatability of an innovative delivery mechanism utilizing a freeze-drying-in-blister approach to create fast-dissolving tablets (FDTs) containing a fixed-dose combination of lopinavir and ritonavir (LPV/r). Consumption patterns of solutions during brief-access and long-term testing and baby foodstuff consumption were analyzed to evaluate the orosensory detection and avoidance of placebo FDTs containing no LPV/r (FDT−) and FDTs containing LPV/r (FDT+). Rats showed no change in consumption patterns for the placebo FDT− compared with control solutions. Rats can detect but do not avoid FDT+ at body-weight-adjusted dosages in both brief-access (30-s) and long-term (23 h) consumption tests. There is an aversive response to concentrated doses of FDT+ during brief-access tests that cannot be masked by 25% sucrose. However, the strongest FDT+ concentration was not rejected when mixed with 50 g of applesauce, banana sauce, or rice cereal baby foodstuffs. The averseness of the FDT+ was associated with the presence of LPV/r and not the FDT− formulation itself. The novel FDT formulation appears to be a palatable delivery mechanism for oral antiretroviral pharmaceuticals especially when mixed with baby foodstuffs.

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Closing the door on illicit tobacco trade, opens the way to better tobacco control

Cited by 102 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of the Spermatogenic Activity of Polyherbal Formulation in Oligospermic Males

Evaluation of the Spermatogenic Activity of Polyherbal Formulation in Oligospermic Males

MK-7 and Its Effects on Bone Quality and Strength

The Palatability of Lopinavir and Ritonavir Delivered by an Innovative Freeze-Dried Fast-Dissolving Tablet Formulation

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