Cloning and sequence analysis of ermQ, the predominant macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene in Clostridium perfringens

Berryman, David; Lyristis, Michael; Rood, Julian I.

doi:10.1128/aac.38.5.1041

Cited by 40 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…None of the strains contained the ermF gene or the ermQ gene, which has been found primarily in Clostridium perfringens (3). Examples of tet genes were also found in strains other than those shown in Table 1.…”

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confidence: 91%

“…Whereas ermF and tetQ are prevalent in Bacteroides and related genera, ermA, ermB, and tetM have been found in a variety of gram-positive bacteria as well as in some gramnegative bacteria (1, 2, 13). The ermQ and ermT genes have been found primarily in gram-positive bacteria (3,19). As shown in Table 1, the ermA and ermC genes were found in some of the ermG-containing strains.…”

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confidence: 95%

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Distribution of the ermG Gene among Bacterial Isolates from Porcine Intestinal Contents

Wang

Shoemaker

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The ermG gene was first found in the soil bacterium Bacillus sphaericus. More recently, it was found in several human intestinal Bacteroides species. We report here the first finding of ermG genes in gram-positive bacteria isolated from porcine feces and from under-barn manure pits used to store porcine wastes. The porcine ermG sequences were identical to the sequence of the B. sphaericus ermG gene except that six of the seven ermGcontaining strains contained an insertion sequence element insertion in the C-terminal end of the gene. The porcine ermG genes were found in three different gram-positive genera, an indication that it is possible that the gene is being spread by horizontal gene transfer. A segment of a Bacteroides conjugative transposon that carries an ermG gene cross-hybridized with DNA from six of the seven porcine isolates, but the restriction patterns in the porcine strains were different from that of the Bacteroides conjugative transposon.

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Distribution of the ermG Gene among Bacterial Isolates from Porcine Intestinal Contents

Wang

Shoemaker

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Lincomycin resistance in C. perfringens is relatively common, but it is usually conferred as MLS resistance by erm(B) or erm(Q) genes (10,11). Recent studies have shown that there has been an increase in lincomycin resistance in C. perfringens strains isolated from chickens in Belgium (28).…”

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“…Significantly, both determinants can be transferred into recipient cells by conjugation, although the processes are different (12,19,43). The pathogenic clostridia also carry other uncharacterized MLS resistance determinants and can potentially act as a source from which these resistance determinants may be transferred to other bacterial pathogens (10,18).…”

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tIS Cpe8 , an IS 1595 -Family Lincomycin Resistance Element Located on a Conjugative Plasmid in Clostridium perfringens

et al. 2009

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Clostridium perfringens is a normal gastrointestinal organism that is a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes and can potentially act as a source from which mobile elements and their associated resistance determinants can be transferred to other bacterial pathogens. Lincomycin resistance in C. perfringens is common and is usually encoded by erm genes that confer macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance. In this study we identified strains that are lincomycin resistant but erythromycin sensitive and showed that the lincomycin resistance determinant was plasmid borne and could be transferred to other C. perfringens isolates by conjugation. The plasmid, pJIR2774, is the first conjugative C. perfringens R-plasmid to be identified that does not confer tetracycline resistance. Further analysis showed that resistance was encoded by the lnuP gene, which encoded a putative lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase and was located on tISCpe8, a functional transposable genetic element that was a member of the IS1595 family of transposon-like insertion sequences. This element had significant similarity to the mobilizable lincomycin resistance element tISSag10 from Streptococcus agalactiae. Like tISSag10, tISCpe8 carries a functional origin of transfer within the resistance gene, allowing the element to be mobilized by the conjugative transposon Tn916. The similarity of these elements and the finding that they both contain an oriT-like region support the hypothesis that conjugation may result in the movement of DNA modules that are not obviously mobile since they are not linked to conjugation or mobilization functions. This process likely plays a significant role in bacterial adaptation and evolution.

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“…Genes which hybridize to ermBP are also present in MLS-resistant isolates of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium paraputrificum (4). The second gene, ermQ, has been sequenced and shown to be the most common erythromycin resistance determinant in C. perfringens (3).…”

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The closely related ermB-ermAM genes from Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis (pAM beta 1), and Streptococcus agalactiae (pIP501) are flanked by variants of a directly repeated sequence

Berryman

Rood

1995

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The Clostridium perfringens macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene, ermBP, was sequenced and shown to be identical to the ermB-ermAM gene from the promiscuous Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAM␤1 and to have at least 98% nucleotide sequence identity to other ermB-ermAM genes. Flanking the ermBP structural gene were almost identical directly repeated 1,341-bp sequences (DR1 and DR2). These repeats potentially encoded a 298 (or 284)-amino-acid protein that had sequence similarity to chromosomal and plasmid partitioning proteins. The pAM␤1 and Streptococcus agalactiae (pIP501) erm determinants appeared to have DR2 but had similar internal 973-or 956-bp deletions in DR1, respectively. Some of the other ermB-ermAM class determinants had small portions of DR1, but none had complete copies. It is postulated that the C. perfringens ermBP determinant was derived from an enterococcal or streptococcal determinant that had complete copies of both DR1 and DR2.

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Cloning and sequence analysis of ermQ, the predominant macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene in Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 40 publications

References 32 publications

Distribution of the ermG Gene among Bacterial Isolates from Porcine Intestinal Contents

Distribution of the ermG Gene among Bacterial Isolates from Porcine Intestinal Contents

tIS Cpe8 , an IS 1595 -Family Lincomycin Resistance Element Located on a Conjugative Plasmid in Clostridium perfringens

The closely related ermB-ermAM genes from Clostridium perfringens, Enterococcus faecalis (pAM beta 1), and Streptococcus agalactiae (pIP501) are flanked by variants of a directly repeated sequence

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