Clomiphene citrate treatment for late onset hypogonadism: rise and fall

Marconi, Marcelo; Souper, Renato; Hartmann, Jonathan; Alvarez, M.; Ogtrop, Floris van; Guarda, Francisco J

doi:10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0112

Cited by 6 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(28 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Mean (SD) total testosterone (TT) ranged at baseline between 179.0 ng/dL (72.0) and 310.3 ng/dL (96.0) and during treatment between 467.0 ng/dL (190.0) and 687.9 ng/dL (276.7) 37,41–48,50–58 . Data of TT before and during treatment for meta‐analysis were available in 17 of the 17 included studies (98%, n = 1256 patients) 37,41–46,48,50–58 . One study reported TT in median (IQR), converted into mean (SD) 41 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies describe symptoms by various questionnaires (49%, n = 798), the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (ADAM), quantitative ADAM score (qADAM), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF‐5), Erection Hardness Scale (EHS), and the number of intercourse events per month 37,41,42,44,45,47,50,52,53,55–57 . Table 4 provides oversight of symptoms of hypogonadism before and during treatment with CC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies describe symptoms by various questionnaires (49%, n = 798), the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (ADAM), quantitative ADAM score (qADAM), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Erection Hardness Scale (EHS), and the number of intercourse events per month. 37,41,42,44,45,47,50,52,53,[55][56][57] There was an improvement in ADAM scores during CC treatment in four studies (14%, n = 176). 44,47,53,55 ADAM scores improved (a lower score is better), during CC treatment with a mean difference of −3.13 (95%, 4.16, 2.10; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 80%) (Figure 5).…”

Section: Symptoms Of Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…40 In the end, 19 studies were included in the systematic review. 37,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] Seventeen of these studies were included in the meta-analysis. 37,[41][42][43][44][45][46]48,[50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Two studies were not included in metaanalysis because no standard deviations nor interquartile range were available.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clomiphene citrate for men with hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard

Background: Male hypogonadism is a clinical and biochemical androgen insufficiency syndrome, becoming more prevalent with age. Exogenous testosterone is first-choice therapy, with several side effects, including negative feedback of the hypothalamicpituitary-gonadal axis, resulting in suppression of intratesticular testosterone production and spermatogenesis. To preserve these testicular functions while treating male hypogonadism, clomiphene citrate is used as off-label therapy. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of clomiphene citrate therapy for men with hypogonadism. Methods:The EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane databases were searched in May 2021, for effectiveness studies of men with hypogonadism treated with clomiphene citrate. Both intervention and observational studies were included. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool, a validated instrument, was used to assess methodological study quality. The primary outcome measure was the evaluation of serum hormone concentration. Secondary outcomes were symptoms of hypogonadism, metabolic and lipid profile, side effects, safety aspects. Results:We included 19 studies, comprising four randomized controlled trials and 15 observational studies, resulting in 1642 patients. Seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 1279 patients. Therapy and follow-up duration varied between one and a half and 52 months. Total testosterone increased with 2.60 (95% CI 1.82-3.38) during clomiphene citrate treatment. An increase was also seen in free testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin and estradiol. Different symptom scoring methods were used in the included studies. The most frequently used instrument was the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males questionnaire, whose improved during treatment. Reported side effects were only prevalent in less than 10% of the study populations and no serious adverse events were reported.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve studies describe symptoms by various questionnaires (49%, n = 798), the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Males (ADAM), quantitative ADAM score (qADAM), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Erection Hardness Scale (EHS), and the number of intercourse events per month. 37,41,42,44,45,47,50,52,53,[55][56][57] There was an improvement in ADAM scores during CC treatment in four studies (14%, n = 176). 44,47,53,55 ADAM scores improved (a lower score is better), during CC treatment with a mean difference of −3.13 (95%, 4.16, 2.10; p < 0.00001; I 2 = 80%) (Figure 5).…”

Section: Symptoms Of Hypogonadismmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clomiphene citrate for men with hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard

show abstract

“…In de huidige studie was er een afname van TT-spiegels < 15 nmol/l na het stoppen van CC bij 94% van de patiënten en bij 65% van de patiënten daalde de TT-spiegels tot < 12,1 nmol/l. Dit resultaat werd ondersteund door de studie van Marconi et al (2016) (n = 27) waarin werd gerapporteerd dat bij 78% van de patiënten drie maanden na het stoppen met de CC-therapie een TTspiegel werd gevonden van < 10 nmol/l en dat die spiegel zes maanden na het stoppen bij alle patiënten werd gevonden [29].…”

Section: Discussieunclassified

Clomifeencitraat voor hypogonadale klachten: bijna 10 jaar ervaring

Huijben

Lock

2022

Tijdschr Urol

View full text Add to dashboard

SamenvattingHypogonadisme is een wereldwijd probleem onder mannen dat seksuele, fysieke en mentale problemen veroorzaakt. Clomifeencitraat (CC) is een alternatieve, offlabel therapie, vooral voor mannen met een actieve of toekomstige kinderwens. In deze single-centerstudie werden 153 mannen die behandeld werden met CC voor hypogonadisme retrospectief geëvalueerd. Uitkomstmaten waren onder andere hormonale evaluatie, hypogonadale symptomen, metabole en lipidenparameters, veiligheidsaspecten en bijwerkingen. Tijdens de behandeling nam het totaal testosteron toe van 9 naar 16 nmol/l, met een biochemische toename in 89% van de patiënten. Verhoogd niveau van totaal testosteron hield aan na acht jaar behandeling. Bij behandeling met CC ervoer 74% van de patiënten verbetering van de hypogonadale symptomen. Laag-normaal luteïniserend hormoon vóór CC-behandeling was voorspellend voor een betere testosteronrespons. Tijdens CC-therapie werden weinig, niet-ernstige bijwerkingen gemeld. Concluderend, CC is een effectieve therapie op korte en lange termijn, die zowel klinische symptomen als biochemische markers van mannelijk hypogonadisme verbetert met weinig bijwerkingen en goede veiligheidsaspecten.

show abstract

Clomiphene citrate treatment for late onset hypogonadism: rise and fall

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Clomiphene citrate for men with hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Clomiphene citrate for men with hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Clomifeencitraat voor hypogonadale klachten: bijna 10 jaar ervaring

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About