Clinicopathologic correlation of beclin-1 and bcl-2 expression in human breast cancer

Won, Kyu Yeoun; Kim, Gou Young; Kim, Youn Wha; Song, Jeong Yoon; Lim, Sung‐Jig

doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2009.07.006

Cited by 96 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…We identiWed an even higher deletion rate (»40%) in the autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR) gene, which is at variance with one report of upregulation of this gene in human breast cancer (Jiang et al 2006). Our Wnding of copy number gains in N-cadherin (CDH2) and Bcl-2 in a subset of T1G3ER+ IDC is consistent with the purported oncogenic role of these two genes (Hazan et al 2000;Won et al 2010). Bcl-2 positivity has been linked to nodal metastasis (Sierra et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach

Desouki

Liao

Huang

et al. 2010

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach

Desouki

Liao

Huang

et al. 2010

J Cancer Res Clin Oncol

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“…Recent studies have found that Beclin1 is expressed at low levels in a variety of tumor cell lines [25,26]. Won et al [39] found that Beclin1 is also expressed at low levels in human breast cancer. Aita et al [23] reported that an absence of Beclin1expression was found in 75% of ovarian cancers, 50% of breast cancers, and 40% of prostate cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of p33ING1, p53, and autophagy-related gene Beclin1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

et al. 2011

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the expressions of tumor inhibitor of growth (ING1) gene p33ING1, p53, and autophagy-related gene Beclin1 in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the correlation between their expressions with clinical pathological features and clinical significance. The research can provide new ideas and experimental evidence for early diagnosis and biotherapy for NSCLC in the future. The human NSCLC tissues and surrounding non-cancerous tissues were collected from surgical operation. The expressions of mRNA or protein of p33ING1, p53, and Beclin1 were detected by using of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or Western blot in these tissues. The results were used to analyze the relationships between these gene expressions with the developing of NSCLC and clinical pathological features. The expressions of mRNA or protein of p33ING1 and Beclin1 in NSCLC tissues were significantly lower than that in surrounding noncancerous tissues (p < 0.05). The expressions of mRNA or protein of p33ING1 and Beclin1 in well- and middle-differentiated NSCLC tissues were lower than those in poor-differentiated NSCLC tissues (p < 0.05). The expressions of mRNA or protein of p33ING1 and Beclin1 in presence of lymph nodes metastasis were lower than those in absence of lymph nodes metastasis (p < 0.05). The expressions of mRNA or protein of p33ING1 and Beclin1 in patients of pathological stage (stages I-II) were higher than those in pathological stage (stages III-IV) (p < 0.05). But the expression of protein of mutant-type p53 in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in surrounding non-cancerous tissues (p < 0.05). The expressions of protein of mutant-type p53 in well- and middle-differentiated NSCLC tissues were higher than those in poor-differentiated NSCLC tissues (p < 0.05). The expressions of protein of mutant-type p53 in presence of lymph nodes metastasis were higher than those in absence of lymph nodes metastasis (p < 0.05). The expressions of protein of mutant-type p53 in patients of pathological stage (stages I-II) were lower than those in pathological stage (stages III-IV) (p < 0.05). These expression changes of p33ING1, p53, and autophagy-related Beclin1 genes were associated with tumor cell differentiation, lymph nodes metastasis, and pathological stage of NSCLC. But these expression changes of these three genes were not associated with gender, age, size of primary carcinoma, histological type of NSCLC (p > 0.05). The expression of mRNA of p53 and Beclin1 were correlated with p33ING1 mRNA expression in NSCLC tissues (p < 0.05). The activity changes of tumor inhibitor of growth, autophagy, and apoptosis may be related to the emergence and the development of NSCLC. The combined detection of p33ING1, p53, and Beclin1 genes and proteins will be helpful for early diagnosis and prognosis judgment for NSCLC, and can provide experimental evidence for biotherapy of NSCLC.

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“…There are current controversies on the possible role of autophagy in the process of oncogenesis and tumor progression by promoting cell survival. Some investigators favor the idea that autophagy suppresses tumor development, whereas other investigators support that autophagy enhances tumor development and protects tumor cells from cell death stimuli (Folberg et al 2000;Kondo et al 2005;Marx 2006;Wona et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

Overexpression of Microtubule-Associated Protein-1 Light Chain 3 Is Associated with Melanoma Metastasis and Vasculogenic Mimicry

Han

Sun

Wang

et al. 2011

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is an alternative type of blood supplement and is responsible for aggressive tumor biology and increased tumor-related mortality. Tumor cells obtain oxygen and nutriment through VM channels in the early, rapid-growth stage when blood vessels are insufficient. VM channels are characterized by tubular structures with tumor cells. Autophagy is a catabolic process, by which the cell digests damaged components or organelles of its own cytoplasm in response to nutrient deprivation, hypoxia, and the presence of non-functional protein aggregates. In fact, autophagy plays an important role in normal cell growth, development, and homeostasis. However, it is still controversial whether autophagy is also involved in cell death or cell survival in malignancy. In the present study, we therefore investigated the expression levels of two autophagy-related proteins, microtubule-associated protein-1 light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin-1, with respect to melanoma metastasis and vasculogenic mimicry. Melanoma is characterized by rapid growth, high-metastasis rate, and unpredictable behavior. A total of 70 human melanoma tissues were analyzed, showing that VM was present in 31 melanoma specimens (44.3%). Melanoma cells displayed high levels of autophagy when VM was present. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression levels of beclin-1 and LC3 mRNAs and proteins were both higher in the VM-positive melanoma than those in the VM-negative melanoma (p < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of LC3, rather than beclin-1, was strongly associated with metastasis and poor clinical prognosis of human melanoma. Therefore, the enhanced autophagic activity may be related to VM and metastasis of melanoma.Keywords: melanoma; vasculogenic mimicry; microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; beclin-1; melanoma metastasis Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 2011, 223 (4), 243-251. © 2011 Tohoku University Medical Press Melanoma is characterized by poorly differentiated rapid growth, high-metastasis rate, and unpredictable behavior (McKinnon et al. 2003). It continues to be one of the most aggressive and fatal malignancies once metastasized. When distant metastasis occurs, the cancer is generally considered incurable. The five-year survival rate is less than 10%, whereas the median survival is 6-12 months (Balch et al. 2001). Accordingly, inhibiting metastasis can be an effective therapeutic strategy and benefit patients with melanoma. Despite many intensive laboratories and clinical researches, the mechanism involved in metastasis of melanoma still remains unclear.Some studies have confirmed that the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) channels, a matrix-rich vascularlike network, and the development of fluid-conducting pathways by highly invasive and genetically dysregulated tumor cells are associated with more aggressive and metastatic tumor biology (Maniotis et al. 1999;Hess et al. 2001). VM has been described in highly metastatic malignant tumors, including melanoma (Folberg and Maniotis 2004), in...

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Clinicopathologic correlation of beclin-1 and bcl-2 expression in human breast cancer

Cited by 96 publications

References 20 publications

Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach

Identification of metastasis-associated breast cancer genes using a high-resolution whole genome profiling approach

The expression of p33ING1, p53, and autophagy-related gene Beclin1 in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Overexpression of Microtubule-Associated Protein-1 Light Chain 3 Is Associated with Melanoma Metastasis and Vasculogenic Mimicry

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