Clinico-Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Ruminant’s Cutaneous Papillomavirus in Iraq

Abstract

e papilloma viruses are constituted of double-stranded DNA and are a more common lesion in ruminant's skin in Iraq. e p53 tumor suppressor protein reveals an essential role in cell cycle control. is study intends to investigate the clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical features of cutaneous papilloma in ruminants in Iraq. Samples had been collected from a total of 10 animals (three cattle, three goats, and four sheep) with multiple papillomatosis lesions. e samples were processed for histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. Clinically, the lesions appeared as multiple various sizes (0.5-11 cm), cauliflower exophytic masses on different parts of the animal's body. e histopathological features of the epidermis granular layer revealed perinuclear vacuolation (koilocytosis) accompanied by various degrees of hypergranulosis, hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, orthokeratosis, and parakeratosis. Strong positive reaction for papillomavirus antigen was seen in both epidermal basal and granular layers in the immunohistochemical investigation (IHC). Moreover, all papilloma lesions revealed an intense positive p53 reaction in cytoplasmic and perinuclear of the basal and parabasal layers. In conclusion, this study described the papillomavirus lesions in bovine, ovine, and caprine animals, which were found in different parts areas of the affected animals. All lesions show similar histopathological features with minor variations. PV antigen and p53 protein expression showed positive results in immunohistochemistry that can be used as diagnostic markers for ruminant's papilloma.

Pathomorphology of Papilloma Tumor in Cattle Based on Macroscopic and Microscopic

“…On clinical examination, the mass distribution of both Angus and limousin cattle patients did not differ from the results reported by Mansour et al [13], which states that there are papillomas in the shoulder, head and neck area. However, it is different from the report of Al-Salihi et al [14], papillomas in cattle aged 5 months to 5 years were found in all parts of the animal body. BPV infection, depending on the viral pathotype and environmental factors, causes clinical signs in cattle, such as skin fibropapilloma caused by BPV-1 and 2, upper gastrointestinal cancer caused by BPV-4, papillomatosis of the nipple and udder caused by BPV-1, -5, -6, -9 and -10, penis papillomatosis caused by BPV-1, bladder cancer caused by BPV-1 and 2 and skin papilloma caused by BPV-8 [15,16].…”

“…Intranuclear inclusions in this study were found to be few. The same is the case with previous studies by Al-Salihi et al and Tan [14,10]. According to Ozsoy et al [11], found inclusion bodies in basal cells.…”

Sığır Papillom ve Fibropapillomlarda Oksidatif Stres Kaynaklı DNA Hasarı ve Lipid Peroksidasyonun İmmunohistokimyasal Olarak Araştırılması

“…In accordance with the findings of the literature (Atasever et al 2005;Özsoy et al 2011;Carvalho et al 2013;Hong and Kim 2015;Rojas Anaya et al 2016;Beytut 2017;Hamad et al 2017), in this study, a cauliflower-like wartlike growth with or without a stem was detected on the skin of animals with papillomas and fibropapillomas. Hyperkeratosis (Atasever et al 2005;Hong and Kim 2015;Branci et al 2020), acanthosis (Özsoy et al 2011, Araldi et al 2015Al-Salihi et al 2020), rete pegs (Beytut et al 2017Hamad et al 2017;Ata et al 2018), koilocytosis (Carvalho et al 2013Araldi et al 2014;Hamad et al 2017), degeneration in keratinocytes (Atasever et al 2005;Tozato et al 2013;Timurkan and Alcigir 2017), keratohyaline granules (da Silva et al2015;Beytut et al2017, Timurkan and Alcigir 2017), dermal proliferation (Grindatto et al 2015Hamad et al 2016;Yamashita-Kawanishi et al 2019), the histopathological changes observed in papillomas and fibropapillomas were also recorded in this study.…”

“…These viruses show an affinity for mucosal tissues and squamous epithelial as well as mesenchymal tissue (Araldi et al 2014;Hamad et al 2016). Although these viruses show tropism to the squamous epithelium of warm-blooded animals, particulary cattle, cross-species infection has been reported only in horses and other equines (AL-Salihi et al 2020). BPV, which is highly species specific and has been detected in water buffaloes, bison, giraffes, zebras, antelopes, yak, horses, donkeys, tapirs, and other species (da Silva et al 2015;Rojas-Anaya et al 2016).…”

Bovine Papillomatosis in a One-Year-Old Kedah Kelantan Cross Cattle Calf

“…In cattle, papilloma (also called warts), are most commonly found on the head, neck shoulder and occasionally on the back and abdomen. The lesions also have a keratotic surface due to epidermal proliferation that resembles a cauliflower (AL-Salihi et al 2020); Timurkan and Alcigir 2017). Warts or papilloma would appear like a cauliflower, dry and rough in appearance.…”