2017
DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2016.201
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Clinical utility gene card for: Non-Syndromic Microphthalmia Including Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Approaches

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Cited by 14 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…"True anophthalmia" is defined as abortion of eye development at the stage of the developing optic vesicle (3-4 weeks gestation) leading to absence of the eye, optic nerve and chiasm. However, more commonly "clinical anophthalmia" (often interchangeable with the term "severe microphthalmia", see Clinical Utility Gene Card for nonsyndromic microphthalmia [1]) occurs, where a small cystic remnant is detectable on pathology/imaging. Clinical anophthalmia is caused by the degeneration of the optic vesicle after it has formed, leading to the presence of a hypoplastic optic nerve, chiasm or tract.…”
Section: Mutational Spectrummentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…"True anophthalmia" is defined as abortion of eye development at the stage of the developing optic vesicle (3-4 weeks gestation) leading to absence of the eye, optic nerve and chiasm. However, more commonly "clinical anophthalmia" (often interchangeable with the term "severe microphthalmia", see Clinical Utility Gene Card for nonsyndromic microphthalmia [1]) occurs, where a small cystic remnant is detectable on pathology/imaging. Clinical anophthalmia is caused by the degeneration of the optic vesicle after it has formed, leading to the presence of a hypoplastic optic nerve, chiasm or tract.…”
Section: Mutational Spectrummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Biallelic RAX loss-of-function variants account for 2-3% of anophthalmia and microphthalmia, and include missense, nonsense, frameshift and splicing variants, as well as whole gene deletions [1,10,[29][30][31]. Monoallelic carriers of RAX variants display no ocular phenotype, while patients with biallelic changes are usually associated with bilateral severe microphthalmia, alongside neurological features such as intellectual deficiency and autism [10,30,31].…”
Section: Mutational Spectrummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mehr als 50 % (unterschiedliche Angaben in der Literatur, 30-90 % [20]) der Patienten haben extraokuläre Befunde und somit einen syndromatischen Mikrophthalmus, meistens mit krankhaften Fehlbildungen des Gehirns und kraniofazialen Auffälligkeiten, Fehlbildungen der Gliedmaßen und der Nieren [21]. Man unterscheidet isolierte Mikrophthalmie (nur Mikrophthalmus, meistens unilateral [20]) von komplexem Mikrophthalmus (Mikrophthalmus mit anderen okulären Fehlbildungen, vor allem Kolobome) und syn- ten. Die häufigste okuläre Zusatzmanifestation sind Kolobome der vorderen und/oder hinteren Augenabschnitte, daher der Begriff des MAC-Spektrums [12].…”
Section: Mikrophthalmie/anophthalmie/kolobom (Mac-spektrum)unclassified
“…5 Genetik und Phänotyp der isolierten, komplexen und syndromatischen Mikrophthalmie bzw. des MAC-Spektrums, zusammengestellt aus [6,15,16,19,20,22,23,26,28] Bei beidseitig ausgeprägtem Mikrophthalmus können die genetischen Ursachen bei etwa 80 % der Patienten definiert werden, wobei chromosomale Aberrationen bei etwa 25 % der Patienten gefunden werden [15,22,23,27]. Hier handelt es sich vor allem um (z. T. partielle) Trisomien der Chromosomen 9, 12, 18 (Edwards-Syndrom) sowie Deletionen in den Chromosomen 13q, 14q und 18q.…”
Section: Mikrophthalmie/anophthalmie/kolobom (Mac-spektrum)unclassified
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