Clinical Grading of Relative Afferent Pupillary Defects

Clinical Profile of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy at A Tertiary Institute in North-East India

“…The various risk factors as described by various studies can be seen in Table 2. Known risk factors were also associated in the patient study like previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Early reporting (< 2weeks) of NAAION cases in a tertiary institute of northeast India was found to be low in the study.…”

Clinical Profile of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy at A Tertiary Institute in North-East India

“…The various risk factors as described by various studies can be seen in Table 2. Known risk factors were also associated in the patient study like previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Early reporting (< 2weeks) of NAAION cases in a tertiary institute of northeast India was found to be low in the study.…”

Absent Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in an Asymptomatic Case of Lateral Chiasmal Syndrome from Cerebral Aneurysm

“…Three examiners, including a neuro-ophthalmologist, on separate visits followed the appropriate protocol (as described in the methods section) for diagnosing and grading a RAPD. 6 Each examiner concurred that a clinically detectable RAPD was not present. It may be argued that more sensitive methods such as pupillometry would have detected a RAPD.…”

Diagnostic accuracy of a modularized, virtual-reality-based automated pupillometer for detection of relative afferent pupillary defect in unilateral optic neuropathies

“…Such a bias may manifest more in cases with mild rather than moderate or severe neuro-ophthalmic disease. This hypothesis was tested by dividing the cases into those with Grades I and II RAPD (mild RAPD; n=50 out of 77) and Grade III or higher RAPD (moderate RAPD; n=22 of 77), based on their clinical records ( 4 ). Controls data were randomly sampled to match the number of cases for this analysis.…”

Clinical Profile of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy at A Tertiary Institute in North-East India

“…The various risk factors as described by various studies can be seen in Table 2. Known risk factors were also associated in the patient study like previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Early reporting (< 2weeks) of NAAION cases in a tertiary institute of northeast India was found to be low in the study.…”

Absent Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in an Asymptomatic Case of Lateral Chiasmal Syndrome from Cerebral Aneurysm

“…Three examiners, including a neuro-ophthalmologist, on separate visits followed the appropriate protocol (as described in the methods section) for diagnosing and grading a RAPD. 6 Each examiner concurred that a clinically detectable RAPD was not present. It may be argued that more sensitive methods such as pupillometry would have detected a RAPD.…”

Diagnostic accuracy of a modularized, virtual-reality-based automated pupillometer for detection of relative afferent pupillary defect in unilateral optic neuropathies

“…Such a bias may manifest more in cases with mild rather than moderate or severe neuro-ophthalmic disease. This hypothesis was tested by dividing the cases into those with Grades I and II RAPD (mild RAPD; n=50 out of 77) and Grade III or higher RAPD (moderate RAPD; n=22 of 77), based on their clinical records ( 4 ). Controls data were randomly sampled to match the number of cases for this analysis.…”

Clinical Profile of Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy at A Tertiary Institute in North-East India

“…The various risk factors as described by various studies can be seen in Table 2. Known risk factors were also associated in the patient study like previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Early reporting (< 2weeks) of NAAION cases in a tertiary institute of northeast India was found to be low in the study.…”

Absent Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect in an Asymptomatic Case of Lateral Chiasmal Syndrome from Cerebral Aneurysm

“…Three examiners, including a neuro-ophthalmologist, on separate visits followed the appropriate protocol (as described in the methods section) for diagnosing and grading a RAPD. 6 Each examiner concurred that a clinically detectable RAPD was not present. It may be argued that more sensitive methods such as pupillometry would have detected a RAPD.…”

Diagnostic accuracy of a modularized, virtual-reality-based automated pupillometer for detection of relative afferent pupillary defect in unilateral optic neuropathies

“…Such a bias may manifest more in cases with mild rather than moderate or severe neuro-ophthalmic disease. This hypothesis was tested by dividing the cases into those with Grades I and II RAPD (mild RAPD; n=50 out of 77) and Grade III or higher RAPD (moderate RAPD; n=22 of 77), based on their clinical records ( 4 ). Controls data were randomly sampled to match the number of cases for this analysis.…”