Clinical features associated with seroconversion to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections in African cattle under natural tick challenge

Magona, J.W.; Walubengo, J.; Olaho-Mukani, W.; Jonsson, N.N.; Welburn, Susan C.; Eisler, M.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.05.022

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, the finding that frequent application of acaricides to calves was associated with higher exposure to T. parva would normally be unusual; however, it is likely that farmers tended to react to presence of perceived disease and/or vector burdens that may have constituted a potential risk factor for withinfarm disease transmission. Indeed, seroconversion to T. parva parasite has been associated with clinical signs of ECF (Magona et al 2008). We could not, however, establish the effectiveness of this management practice due to limitation of determining temporal effects in crosssectional studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment and farm factors associated with exposure to Theileria parva infection in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District, Kenya

Gachohi

Kitala

Ngumi

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between seroprevalence to Theileria parva infection in cattle and potential environmental and farm-level effects in 80 farms under traditional crop-livestock system in Mbeere District, Kenya. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect the effects characteristics as related to T. parva infection epidemiology. Serum samples were collected from 440 cattle of all ages for detection of T. parva antibodies by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The association between the variables was assessed using a generalized estimation equation logistic regression model. The overall T. parva seroprevalence, accounting for correlation of responses, was 19.3% (95% confidence interval (CI) 14%, 25%). Two variables, "administrative division" and "presence of the vector tick on the farm", were significantly associated with the T. parva seroresponse. Respectively, cattle from farms in Gachoka, Evurore, and Mwea divisions were (and their 95% CI) 1.3 (0.36, 4.8), 4.4 (1.2, 15.9), and 15.2 (4.9, 47.1) times more likely to be seropositive relative to those from Siakago Division (P = 0.000). Cattle from farms in which the vector tick was present were 2.9 (1.2, 6.7) times more likely to be seropositive (P = 0.011). Results of this study suggested that both environmental and farm factors may be associated with T. parva infection epidemiology in Mbeere District. Under such circumstances, characterization of environmental suitability for the vector tick and corresponding environment-specific farm management practices in the district is required both for improved understanding of the disease and in planning disease control programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environment and farm factors associated with exposure to Theileria parva infection in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District, Kenya

Gachohi

Kitala

Ngumi

et al. 2010

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…The 8 villages included Bunghaji, Hitunga, Magoje, Ojilai, Kubo, Buyimini, Nanjeho and Sitengo (Fig. 1), as described earlier (Magona et al 2008). Agricultural production systems of the selected study sites were earlier described (Magona et al 2008).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1), as described earlier (Magona et al 2008). Agricultural production systems of the selected study sites were earlier described (Magona et al 2008). Selection of cattle for the study and the procedure for sample collection was also earlier described (Magona et al 2008).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation of tick abundance and seroconversion rates of indigenous cattle to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections in Uganda

et al. 2011

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Tick abundance and seroconversion rates of 640 indigenous cattle in a mixed crop-livestock system in Uganda were investigated in a 14 months longitudinal study. Up to 100% of the cattle in Buyimini, Kubo, Nanjeho, Ojilai and Sitengo villages (high tick challenge zone) were consistently infested with Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, whereas on average 50% of the cattle in Bunghaji, Hitunga and Magoje villages (low tick challenge zone) were inconsistently infested. Likewise, up to 50% of the cattle in Buyimini, Kubo, Nanjeho, Ojilai and Sitengo villages were consistently infested with R. (Boophilus) decoloratus ticks, while on average 30% of the cattle in Bunghaji, Hitunga and Magoje were inconsistently infested. Seroconversion rates of cattle to Anaplasma marginale infection under low tick challenge were higher than those under high tick challenge, but the reverse was true for Babesia bigemina infection. For Theileria parva infection, seroconversion rates of cattle older than 6 months under low tick challenge were significantly higher than those under high tick challenge (P < 0.05). However, the likelihood of occurrence of theileriosis cases among calves (0-6 m) under high tick challenge was 6 times (Odds ratio = 5.82 [1.30-36.37]) higher than under low tick challenge. The high density of anti-tick plants Lantana camara and Ocimum suave that were widespread in villages with low tick challenge, among other factors, was probably the cause for unfavourable tick survival.

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“…Cattle are kept under traditional communal grazing management and are either tethered or grazed on communal pastures during the day and tied up around homesteads or kept in bomas at night (Magona et al 2008). …”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Nkedi Zebu and Ankole cattle to tick infestation and natural tick-borne, helminth and trypanosome infections in Uganda

Magona

Walubengo

Kabi

2011

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A cross-sectional study was conducted in Soroti district of Uganda to establish important traits of Nkedi Zebu and Ankole cattle regarding their production performance responses to natural infections of trypanosomes, gastrointestinal nematodes, Theileria parva, Babesia bigemina, Anaplasma marginale and tick infestations. Over four visits between October 2006 to August 2007, tick counts were performed and blood, faecal samples and sera were collected from the Nkedi Zebu (295) and Ankole (165) cattle from 86 herds in six locations per visit. Low parasitological prevalence of trypanosome infection (<6%) and high prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode infections (>30%) with low faecal egg counts (110-300 eggs per gramme (EPG)) were observed in the Nkedi Zebu and Ankole cattle. Both breeds had high, moderate and low mean counts of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (18.0-24.0), Rhipecephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus (3.6-10.3) and Amblyomma variegatum ticks (1.7-4.3), respectively. In addition, both breeds had similar mean packed cell volumes (26.4-31.2) and a similar percentage of animals were anaemic (14.5-36.6%). The Nkedi Zebu cattle further had higher mean optical density (OD) values for antibodies against T. parva (1.093-1.445) and A. marginale infections (0.573-0.583), and significantly (P < 0.001) higher mean OD values of antibodies against B. bigemina infections (1.07-2.175) than the Ankole cattle: T. parva (1.030-1.302); A. marginale (0.442-0.603) and B. bigemina infections (0.863-2.154). The Ankole cows produced significantly more (P < 0.001) milk per day (2.68 L) than the Nkedi Zebu cows (1.98 L), and the Ankole oxen had significantly higher (P < 0.05) draught power output (2.57 days/acre) than the Nkedi Zebu oxen (2.93 days/acre). Liveweights of calves aged 0-12 months of both breeds were comparable, suggesting that the Nkedi Zebu and Ankole cattle under similar disease challenge exhibited similar growth rates. In conclusion, the Nkedi Zebu cattle seem to possess a higher degree of disease resistance against endemic parasitic diseases, while the Ankole cattle seem to possess a moderate degree of disease resistance coupled with a moderate production potential.

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Clinical features associated with seroconversion to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections in African cattle under natural tick challenge

Cited by 29 publications

References 21 publications

Environment and farm factors associated with exposure to Theileria parva infection in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District, Kenya

Environment and farm factors associated with exposure to Theileria parva infection in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District, Kenya

Spatial variation of tick abundance and seroconversion rates of indigenous cattle to Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina and Theileria parva infections in Uganda

Response of Nkedi Zebu and Ankole cattle to tick infestation and natural tick-borne, helminth and trypanosome infections in Uganda

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