Clinical experience with minimal flow xenon anesthesia

Abstract

Xenon is a more potent anesthetic than nitrous oxide, and give more profound analgesia. This investigation was performed to assess the potential of xenon for becoming an anesthetic inspite of its high manufacturing cost. Seven ASA I-II patients undergoing cholecystectomy (n = 4), hernia repair (n = 2), or mammoplasty (n = 1) were studied. Denitrogenation by 15-20 min of oxygen breathing under propofol anesthesia was followed by fentanyl-supplemented xenon anesthesia administered via an automatic minimal flow system which held the oxygen concentration at 30%. Xenon anesthesia lasted 76-228 min and 8-14 l of xenon (ATPD) was used, of which 5.6-8.1 l was expended during the first 15 min. Anesthesia appeared to be satisfactory, and the patients woke up rapidly after xenon was discontinued. The automatic system made minimal flow xenon anesthesia easy to administer, but nitrogen accumulation is still a problem. Assuming a xenon price of 10 US$ per litre, the average cost for xenon was about 65 US$ for the first 15 min and then about 25 US$ for each subsequent hour of anesthesia.

Application of chromatography and coupled chromatography-mass spectrometry for the investigation of pharmacokinetics and metabolism of propofol, clofelin, phencylidine, and tramadol (a review)

“…It was found that halothane and nitrous oxide (NO) did not affect the propofol pharmacokinetics, while the antibiotic chloramphenicot (levomycetin), a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor, markedly decreases the clearance of propofol and increases the time of recovery after narcosis [32]. Experiments on diprivan administration upon the inhalation anesthesia with an inert gas (xenon) were described in [33].…”

Les anesthésiques volatiles et l’atteinte hépatique: une mise à jour clinique ou ce que tout anesthésiologiste devrait savoir

“…[13][14][15] Si des appareils d'anesthésie permettant de recycler les gaz sont mis au point, l'anesthésie au xénon pourrait être plus économique et, donc, choisie plus volontiers pour des patients sélectionnés qui pourraient bénéficier de l'absence de ses effets systémiques indésirables.…”

“…[13][14][15] If anesthetic delivery systems become available which allow for recycling of anesthetic gases, xenon anesthesia may become more economical and thus more readily available in selected patients who might benefit from its lack of adverse systemic effects.…”

Xenônio: farmacologia e uso clínico

“…Depois de um consumo de 8 e 14 litros, após 88 e 209 minutos de anestesia, respectivamente, somente 1,5 a 2 litros estavam presentes no circuito e dois litros, ou menos, foram eliminados durante os primeiros quinze minutos. Fuga do sistema, e estoques corporais remanescentes, provavelmente contribuíram para esta diferença 22 . Após duas horas de eliminação, 22% do xenônio permaneciam no organismo.…”

“…After a consumption of 8 and 14 liters and after 88 and 209 minutes of anesthesia, respectively, only 1.5 to 2 liters were present in the circuit and two liters, or less, were excreted during the first 15 minutes. System leak and remaining body reserves may have probably contributed to this difference 22 . After two hours of excretion, 22% xenon remained in the body.…”