Clinical applications of magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia

Abstract

Magnetic fluids are increasingly used for clinical applications such as drug delivery, magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic fluid hyperthermia. The latter technique that has been developed as a cancer treatment for several decades comprises the injection of magnetic nanoparticles into tumors and their subsequent heating in an alternating magnetic field. Depending on the applied temperature and the duration of heating this treatment either results in direct tumor cell killing or makes the cells more susceptible to concomitant radio-or chemotherapy. Numerous groups are working in this field worldwide, but only one approach has been tested in clinical trials so far. Here, we summarize the clinical data gained in these studies on magnetic fluid induced hyperthermia.

Influence of a transverse static magnetic field on the magnetic hyperthermia properties and high-frequency hysteresis loops of ferromagnetic FeCo nanoparticles

“…Magnetic hyperthermia (MH) is a promising cancer treatment technique based on the fact that magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) placed in an alternating magnetic field release locally heat [1,2,3]. Its efficiency in combination with radiotherapy has been recently demonstrated in the treatment of glioblastome multiforme [4].On the long term, performing magnetic hyperthermia in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) setup could have several advantages: i) The production of the magnetic field for MH could be produced by the same hardware as for the MRI.…”

Frequency dependence of magnetothermal properties for magnetic fluid and magnetically functionalized implants

“…We also approximate the heating/cooling curves with the following equation, corresponding to the time evolution of the temperature [1]:…”

“…Heating of MNp in alternating (AC) magnetic field leads to the therapeutic effect either through direct thermal treatment [1,2] or due to the heat-assisted release of the drug carried by nanoparticles [3]. The magnetically functionalized implants, which consist of polymeric matrices and MNp, can also be used as effective method to prevent undesired effect of inflammation or cell proliferation.…”

“…During the measurements, the test tube with a sample and thermocouple was placed into homogeneous magnetic field region deep inside the coil. SAR was calculated according to the definition: (1) where C is water specific heat capacity, dT/dt is the rate of heating in the absence of heat losses, M/m is the ratio of the water mass to the mass of the sample (powder of nanoparticles or a polymer implant functionalized).…”

Structure and magnetism in Cr-embedded Co nanoparticles

“…Fe atomic moments on lattice parameter. Optimising magnetic properties in nanocomposite materials by establishing a high degree of control over atomic structure is relevant to the drive to design new high performance magnetic materials for a variety of applications; these include the design of electric motors with improved efficiency [26], magnetic recording [27] and several biomedical applications [28,29] which include the treatment of cancer tumours using magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia (MNH).…”