Climatic conditions, twining and frequency of milking as factors affecting the risk of fetal losses in high-yielding Holstein cows in a hot environment

Mellado, Miguel; López, Ruth Noemí Ojeda; Santiago, Á. de; Véliz-Deras, Francisco Gerardo; Macías‐Cruz, Ulises; Avendaño‐Reyes, Leonel; García, José Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s11250-016-1084-8

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Thus, extreme thermal stress in uterus seems to alter the feto-maternal interaction compromising the fetus development and even can cause the demise of the fetus between 43 and 260 days of pregnancy as it has been observed by Mellado et al (2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence and risk factors for stillbirths in Holstein cows in a hot environment

et al. 2017

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Risk factors for stillbirth were studied in a dairy operation in northern Mexico (25°N). Data set consisted of 29406 full term calving records. Factors affecting stillbirths were analyzed using a step-wise multivariable logistic regression models. The predictive indicators of stillbirth risk were: temperature-humidity index (THI) during pregnancy and at calving, season of calving, calf birth weight, gestation length, semen characteristics (conventional or sexed), gender of calves, hour of calving and type of parturition (normal or dystocic). Throughout the study period, 7.3 (95%, confidence interval= 7.0-7.6) of every 100 calving events had a stillborn calf. Stillborns were higher with severe dystocia compared with non-assisted births (29.0% vs. 6.2%, p<0.0001) and calves with birth weights <35 kg compared with heavier calves at calving (19.3% vs. 2.3%, p<0.0001), and was lower in calves whose gestation length was >278 d compared with calves with shorter gestation periods (2.8% vs. 30.0%, p<0.0001). Cows in a severe state of heat stress prenatally and at birth (THI >83 units) had 1.3 higher risk of stillbirths than cows suffering reduced heat stress (p<0.0001). Evidence for a greater (p<0.001) stillbirth rates in cows with parturitions between 18:00 and 19:00 h compared with cows calving during other hours of the day was found (9.1% vs. 7.1%). Together, these results demonstrate that ameliorating heat stress during the peripartum period is an important management practice to reduce stillbirths in Holstein cows in this warm climate. Additionally, a greater attention of parturition around sunset can lower the current stillbirth rates.Additional keywords: heat stress; sexed semen; birth weight; dystocia; gestation length

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence and risk factors for stillbirths in Holstein cows in a hot environment

et al. 2017

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“…The developed technology can affect most parameters of the microclimate and maintain within the specified limits temperature and relative humidity of air, air velocity, concentration of harmful gases (ammonia, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide), dust and microorganisms [3,4,6,7,8,10,12,14,15,19]. The technological process of a microclimate system with air conditioning includes such operations as heating, cooling, humidification, drying and purification of air from harmful gases, dust and microorganisms.…”

Section: Development Of Energy-saving Technology For Formation Of Optmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amount of metabolic energy yielding products other than the body's heat production is also reduced by so-called non-productive energy needs: the energy needs of the animal, consisting of thermoregulation, which is necessary to maintain constant body temperature, and the energy expended on movement [4, 6,12,14,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of technological processes in animal husbandry

Samarin

Vasiliev

et al. 2020

E3S Web Conf.

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The article is devoted to the topical problem of rational use of energy and nutrient content of feed in obtaining livestock products (milk) from cows by shifting the energy balance of the animal’s body towards “productive energy”, i.e. the synthesis of fat and proteins. The authors would like to point out that one of the main factors influencing fluctuations in the energy balance of an animal are microclimate parameters, as the deviation of the microclimate parameters from the established optimal limits leads to a reduction in milk yields by 10 to 20%. Therefore, the aim of our work is to develop an energy-saving technology for the formation of optimal microclimate in livestock facilities using air conditioning systems, which can regulate most of the parameters of the microclimate inside them, namely: temperature, relative humidity and internal air velocity, concentration of harmful gases (carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide), dust and microorganisms. The presence of the mode enabling recirculation air purification allows to save heat energy and energy coming with feed by up to 50% compared with typical microclimate systems. To this end, we have systematized separate data from scientific researches done by various scientists in the fields of animal hygiene and veterinary medicine and obtained dependencies of influence of microclimate parameters (temperature, relative humidity, internal air velocity) on the productivity of animals (cows) and feed consumption.

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“…The causes of abortion were not determined. Given that cows in this herd were immunised against major cattle pathogen causing fetal losses, and that Neospora caninum was not detected with serological screening and no evidence of lesions or infections were detected in expelled fetuses, it is believed that a great proportion of abortions may have been caused by heat associated stress (Mellado et al 2016).…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of periparturient events, mastitis, lameness and ketosis on reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment

Mellado

García²,

Deras

et al. 2018

Austral j. vet. sci.

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ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to determine the association among periparturient events such as mastitis, lameness (infectious and non-infectious) and ketosis and the reproductive performance of high producing Holstein cows in a hot environment. The health status and reproductive data variables were recorded from 6,566 completed lactations in a large dairy operation. A logistic regression model with the stepwise procedure was used, considering the occurrence of the health problems during the pre-breeding period as fixed effect risk factors and reproductive variables as dependent variables. Pregnancy rate of cows contracting clinical mastitis (CM) around the period of first inseminations was five percentage points lower than cows without this disease. Cows with CM shortly before or after the first service had twice the risk of requiring more than three services per pregnancy than cows with healthy udders. Cows experiencing abortion, laminitis or metritis were two times more likely to require >3 services per pregnancy than cows not experiencing these reproductive disorders. Cows experiencing lameness, mastitis and metritis presented a significantly longer interval between calving and pregnancy compared to healthy cows. Ketosis and lameness increased the odds of a cow of being inseminated for the first time after 70 days in milk. In conclusion, these results suggest that abortion, ketosis, CM, retained placenta (RP), metritis, and lameness are associated with decreased reproductive performance in high producing Holstein cows subjected to thermal stress.

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Climatic conditions, twining and frequency of milking as factors affecting the risk of fetal losses in high-yielding Holstein cows in a hot environment

Cited by 21 publications

References 44 publications

Prevalence and risk factors for stillbirths in Holstein cows in a hot environment

Prevalence and risk factors for stillbirths in Holstein cows in a hot environment

Optimization of technological processes in animal husbandry

The effects of periparturient events, mastitis, lameness and ketosis on reproductive performance of Holstein cows in a hot environment

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