Climate warming impact on degree-days and building energy demand in Switzerland

Christenson, Martha; Manz, Heinrich; Gyalistras, Dimitrios

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2005.06.009

Cited by 294 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although there are an increasing number of case studies (Bessec and Fouquau 2008;Christenson et al 2006;Considine 2000;Lee and Chiu;Mansur et al 2008;MoralCarcedo and Vicéns-Otero 2005), a synthesis is lacking -this could be forged with a relatively small effort. The impact of climate change on migration is not well-understood either (Barrios et al 2006;Bates 2002;Kuentzel and Ramaswamy 2005;Reuveny 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The uncertainty about the social cost of carbon: A decomposition analysis using fund

2013

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Abstract:We report the results of an uncertainty decomposition analysis of the social cost of carbon as estimated by FUND, a model that has a more detailed representation of the economic impact of climate change than any other model. Some of the parameters particularly influence impacts in the short run whereas other parameters are important in the long run. Some parameters are influential in some regions only. Some parameters are known reasonably well, but others are not. Ethical values, such as the pure rate of time preference and the rate of risk aversion, therefore affect not only the social cost of carbon, but also the importance of the parameters that determine its value. Some parameters, however, are consistently important: cooling energy demand, migration, climate sensitivity, and agriculture. The last two are subject to a large research effort, but the first two are not.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The uncertainty about the social cost of carbon: A decomposition analysis using fund

2013

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“…Such climatic changes could have a wide variety of important impacts on sectors such as human health (12), biological invasions (13), species extinctions (14), and water (15) and energy (16) resources. Because the quality and production of cultivated crops are directly influenced by local climate variables, agricultural systems may be particularly susceptible to climate change.…”

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confidence: 99%

Extreme heat reduces and shifts United States premium wine production in the 21st century

White

Diffenbaugh

Jones

et al. 2006

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

321

240

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Premium wine production is limited to regions climatically conducive to growing grapes with balanced composition and varietal typicity. Three central climatic conditions are required: (i) adequate heat accumulation; (ii) low risk of severe frost damage; and (iii) the absence of extreme heat. Although wine production is possible in an extensive climatic range, the highest-quality wines require a delicate balance among these three conditions. Although historical and projected average temperature changes are known to influence global wine quality, the potential future response of wineproducing regions to spatially heterogeneous changes in extreme events is largely unknown. Here, by using a high-resolution regional climate model forced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios A2 greenhouse gas emission scenario, we estimate that potential premium winegrape production area in the conterminous United States could decline by up to 81% by the late 21st century. While increases in heat accumulation will shift wine production to warmer climate varieties and͞or lower-quality wines, and frost constraints will be reduced, increases in the frequency of extreme hot days (>35°C) in the growing season are projected to eliminate winegrape production in many areas of the United States. Furthermore, grape and wine production will likely be restricted to a narrow West Coast region and the Northwest and Northeast, areas currently facing challenges related to excess moisture. Our results not only imply large changes for the premium wine industry, but also highlight the importance of incorporating fine-scale processes and extreme events in climate-change impact studies.climate change ͉ enology ͉ grape ͉ viticulture ͉ winegrape A number of observations indicate that warming has occurred during the late 20th and early 21st centuries at the Earth's surface (1), in the troposphere (2-4), and in the oceans (5). The majority of this warming has likely been caused by anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (6), and if such emissions continue unabated, global mean temperatures are likely to rise by 2-6°C over the next century (1). This mean global warming will likely manifest itself over a range of spatial and temporal scales, altering mean seasonal climate (e.g., ref. 7), interannual climate variability (e.g., ref. 8), and the frequency and magnitude of extreme events (e.g., refs. 9-11).Such climatic changes could have a wide variety of important impacts on sectors such as human health (12), biological invasions (13), species extinctions (14), and water (15) and energy (16) resources. Because the quality and production of cultivated crops are directly influenced by local climate variables, agricultural systems may be particularly susceptible to climate change. For at least five reasons, the cultivation of grapes for the production of premium wine provides an optimal case for assessing potential impacts of climate change. First, premium wines are produced conterminously with human habitation an...

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“…Similarly, the climate factor determines the energy required per square metre of storage space area for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC). The appropriate energy requirements for cooling, heating and ventilation merely depend on the geographical location of a warehouse as well as its building characteristics and may be quantified by the help of the degree day (DD) method that estimates energy requirements due to thermal losses of a building caused by transmission and ventilation against a given base temperature of 65 degree Fahrenheit (Christenson et al, 2006). Finally, the warehouse energy consumption can be converted into CO2 emissions (or likewise into CO2e emissions) by means of the emission intensity factor after deriving the overall warehouse energy profile while considering all influencing parameters discussed above.…”

Section: Parameter Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%