Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems

Doney, Scott C.; Ruckelshaus, Mary; Duffy, J. Emmett; Barry, James; Chan, Francis; English, Chad A.; Galindo, Heather M.; Grebmeier, Jacqueline M.; Hollowed, Anne B.; Knowlton­, Nancy­; Polovina, Jeffrey J.; Rabalais, Nancy N.; Sydeman, William J.; Talley, Lynne D.

doi:10.1146/annurev-marine-041911-111611

Cited by 2,296 publications

(1,648 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…It is estimated that the pH of oceanic surface waters will decrease by 0.14e0.35 pH units by the year 2100 [2,4]. OA may have profound and diverse consequences for marine biodiversity and ecosystem functioning [5,6], and poses a serious threat to marine organisms, especially calcifying organisms such as coral, sea urchin and mollusk [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Wang

Cao

Ning

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

131

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a b s t r a c tOcean acidification (OA), caused by anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, has been proposed as one of the greatest threats in marine ecosystems. A growing body of evidence shows that ocean acidification can impact development, survival, growth and physiology of marine calcifiers. In this study, the immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas were investigated after elevated pCO 2 exposure for 28 days. The results demonstrated that OA caused an increase of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in hemocytes. Moreover, elevated pCO 2 had an inhibitory effect on some antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased the GSH level in digestive gland. However, the mRNA expression pattern of several immune related genes varied depending on the exposure time and tissues. After exposure to pCO 2 at~2000 ppm for 28 days, the mRNA expressions of almost all tested genes were significantly suppressed in gills and stimulated in hemocytes. Above all, our study demonstrated that elevated pCO 2 have a significant impact on the immune systems of the Pacific oyster, which may constitute as a potential threat to increased susceptibility of bivalves to diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Wang

Cao

Ning

et al. 2016

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Several reviews now show that the effects of ocean acidification vary markedly between different classes of organism, between closely related species, and between life stages within the same species (Doney et al 2009(Doney et al , 2012Byrne 2011). More detailed meta-analyses of published results have drawn divergent conclusions, although some prominent examples have been based on flawed methodologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How will Ocean Acidification Affect Baltic Sea Ecosystems? An Assessment of Plausible Impacts on Key Functional Groups

Havenhand

2012

AMBIO

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Increasing partial pressure of atmospheric CO 2 is causing ocean pH to fall-a process known as 'ocean acidification'. Scenario modeling suggests that ocean acidification in the Baltic Sea may cause a B3 times increase in acidity (reduction of 0.2-0.4 pH units) by the year 2100. The responses of most Baltic Sea organisms to ocean acidification are poorly understood. Available data suggest that most species and ecologically important groups in the Baltic Sea food web (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrozoobenthos, cod and sprat) will be robust to the expected changes in pH. These conclusions come from (mostly) single-species and single-factor studies. Determining the emergent effects of ocean acidification on the ecosystem from such studies is problematic, yet very few studies have used multiple stressors and/or multiple trophic levels. There is an urgent need for more data from Baltic Sea populations, particularly from environmentally diverse regions and from controlled mesocosm experiments. In the absence of such information it is difficult to envision the likely effects of future ocean acidification on Baltic Sea species and ecosystems.

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“…Thus, it can affect the productivity of species and the way they behave, which directly, lead to shifts in the size structure, spatial and seasonal abundance of aquatic species. Moreover, climate change as well as modified ocean circulation will induce physiological responses of organisms represented by shifts in abundance, annual recurring events and dispersion of marine species [2]. Widespread biogeographical range shifts are associated with changing climatic conditions in marine environments [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge of Climate Change and the Perception of Nigeria’s Coastal Communities on the Occurrence of Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitans

Adet¹,

Nsofor²,

Ogunjobi³

et al. 2017

OALib

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Climate change effects threat life on earth especially economically poor areas.Among them is noticed the shifting of the algae species Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitanss seaweeds from the Brazilian coast to new areas along the West African coastline. Their occurrence along the Nigerian coast and their effect on livelihood are necessary subject because of their link to coastal dwellers food security and economic activities. This study aims to evaluate the perception of coastal residents on the occurrence of Sargassum on the banks and their notion of climate change effects. 206 household heads were interviewed using a structured questionnaire over eleven areas. The coastal population knowledge about climate change and the reason of the occurrence of Sargassum species, is limited due to low education level and information access limitations. Also, the population complained about the occurrence of another specie identified as Eichhornia crassipes which disturbs fishery and boats displacements. Moreover, changes in weather conditions particularly temperature have various consequences on the respondents' livelihood by affecting their health, welfare, feeding and incomes. The population lamented about challenges of climate change and occurrence of Sargassum fluitans affecting fishery as they have no any adaptation measures to cope with these situations.

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Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems

Cited by 2,296 publications

References 154 publications

Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Effects of ocean acidification on immune responses of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

How will Ocean Acidification Affect Baltic Sea Ecosystems? An Assessment of Plausible Impacts on Key Functional Groups

Knowledge of Climate Change and the Perception of Nigeria’s Coastal Communities on the Occurrence of Sargassum natans and Sargassum fluitans

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