Climate Change and Water Resources in West Africa: A Case Study of Ivory Coast, Benin, Burkina Faso, and Senegal

Sagna, P.; Dipama, Jean Marie; Vissin, Expédit; Diomandé, B. I.; Diop, Cheikh; Chabi, P. A. B.; Sambou, Pierre Corneille; Sané, Tidiane; Karambiri, B. L. C. N.; Koudamiloro, O.; Diédhiou, Y. M.; Yade, Mamadou Samb

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61225-2_4

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Climate parameters have changed while projections on future climate scenarios in West Africa have indicated unstable climatic conditions with detrimental implications on yam yields (Srivastava et al, 2016;Sultan and Gaetani, 2016;Okongor et al, 2021). Several climate forecast studies have projected about 1.5 to 6.5 • C increase in future temperature and significant variability (−30 to 30% uncertainty) in rainfall patterns in the near to distant futures of the twenty-first century (Sylla et al, 2016;Adifon et al, 2020;Sagna et al, 2021).…”

Section: Climate Change Impact On Yam Production and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Intensification and Climate-Smart Yam Production for Improved Food Security in West Africa: A Review

Danquah¹,

Danquah²,

Frimpong³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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Intensification of staple food crops such as Yam (Dioscorea spp.) while sustaining the environment is imperative in providing food for the expected 9.6 billion global population by 2050. In West Africa, amid the threat posed by climate change on food security, yam production is associated with deforestation and land degradation. Integrated soil fertility management and improved staking options for intensification and sustainable yam production on continuously cropped fields hold the key to addressing this challenge. This review evaluates the last decade's yam production trends in West Africa and in three leading yam-producing countries, Nigeria, Ghana, and Côte d'Ivoire, using the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database (FAOSTAT) data. A production increase of 1.72, 1.43, and 1.35 times resulted in an area harvest increase of 2.25, 1.23, and 1.59 times in Nigeria, Ghana, and Côte d'Ivoire, respectively. Nigeria and Côte d'Ivoire had the worst yam productivity across the decade by producing at an average yield 17.3 and 12.5%, respectively, of the estimated potential yam yield (50 t ha−1). Even in Ghana, where the productivity increased across the decade, the average productivity was 33% of the estimated potential yield. Thus, it can be observed that the primary reason for the increase in yam production across the globe and in West Africa is mainly because of the increase in area under cultivation in the major yam-producing countries. The projected future erratic rainfall and elevated daily mean temperature as a result of climate change would cause declining tuber yields. Meanwhile, the importation of food such as rice as a strategy to improve food availability cannot be accessed by poor rural households due to the strong correlation between international food price hikes and prices of these foods. However, there is less relationship between international yam price hikes and yam prices in West Africa. Therefore, yam production and sustenance could be vital for food security for the increasing population of West Africa. This study reviews current research on soil fertility and staking options for sustaining yam production on continuously cropped fields. Promotion and adoption of these improved technologies would enhance food security and contribute to achieving Sustainable Development Goals 1 (No poverty), 2 (Zero hunger), 13 (Climate action), and 15 (Life on land).

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Section: Climate Change Impact On Yam Production and Food Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Intensification and Climate-Smart Yam Production for Improved Food Security in West Africa: A Review

Danquah¹,

Danquah²,

Frimpong³

et al. 2022

Front. Agron.

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“…Savanna vegetation is responsive to both short-term fluctuations in rainfall and long-term climatic patterns (Goward & Prince, 1995;Scanlon et al, 2002). However, rainfall generally decreased in the region over the past 50 years (Noufé et al, 2015;Sagna et al, 2021), and we did not detect any significant trend in rainfall in the study area between 1981 and 2021 (see time series analysis of monthly precipitation in Supplementary Information). Vegetation shifts driven by increased rainfall are therefore unlikely.…”

Section: Was Defaunation Responsible For Vegetation Changes In Comoémentioning

confidence: 59%

Savanna vegetation increase triggers freshwater community shifts

Demare

Spieler

Grabow

et al. 2022

Global Change Biology

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Tropical savannas are globally extensive and ecologically invaluable ecosystems. As most ecosystems however, they are subject to serious anthropogenic stress. Defaunation, and especially the loss of large mammals, is pervasive in tropical savannas and known to trigger wide‐ranging ecological effects, from vegetation changes to the loss of ecosystem function. Despite what is currently known about the terrestrial consequences of defaunation, and the potential cross‐ecosystem influence of large mammals, virtually no research has investigated associated effects on small adjacent water bodies. This research gap persists because (1) tropical savannas have been historically neglected, (2) the ecological value of small water bodies (e.g. ponds) is only recently being recognized, and (3) empirical baseline data are often lacking. In this paper, we compared a rare pre‐change dataset with newly collected data on 213 freshwater assemblages, to investigate community structure and composition before and after a major defaunation event. Our research focused on a diverse species assemblage of amphibian larvae (i.e. tadpoles) in temporary savanna ponds. We found that pond vegetation cover increased from 16.0% to 45.6% post‐defaunation, that is, a near three‐fold increase. Such habitat changes seemed to have benefitted those species that use vegetation during reproduction (e.g. the leaf‐folding Afrixalus spp.), while others have declined. Interestingly, we found a strong correlation between tadpole community shifts and other freshwater organisms, which indicates that habitat changes have affected a wide variety of aquatic organisms. Given that organisms inhabiting temporary aquatic habitats often have complex life histories with terrestrial adult life stages, we propose that the terrestrial effects of defaunation have indirectly led to distinct aquatic communities, in addition to direct habitat effects. These results shed new light on the potential role of large‐bodied mammals in shaping adjacent ecosystems, and raise important questions concerning the functioning of temporary aquatic systems in the Anthropocene.

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“…(2015) and Sagna et al. (2021). The monthly river discharges are then classified based on the fitted HMM.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Results show that the hidden climate state with the lowest mean, denoted by "dry," dominates the period between 1971 and 1996, which corresponds to the extended drought of the late 20th century, which has been analyzed, for example, by Faye et al (2015) and Sagna et al (2021). The monthly river discharges are then classified based on the fitted HMM.…”

Section: Climate Sequences and Hmm Classificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the Management of Multireservoir Systems Under Shifting Flow Regimes

Espanmanesh

Tilmant

2022

Water Resources Research

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Anthropogenic disturbances of the terrestrial water cycle, climate change, and low frequency climate signals all challenge the stationarity assumption, which has been the backbone of water resources planning techniques during much of the 20th century (Loucks & Van Beek, 2017b). Time series of hydrological observations can exhibit nonstationarity in different forms such as increasing or decreasing trends (

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Climate Change and Water Resources in West Africa: A Case Study of Ivory Coast, Benin, Burkina Faso, and Senegal

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Sustainable Intensification and Climate-Smart Yam Production for Improved Food Security in West Africa: A Review

Sustainable Intensification and Climate-Smart Yam Production for Improved Food Security in West Africa: A Review

Savanna vegetation increase triggers freshwater community shifts

Optimizing the Management of Multireservoir Systems Under Shifting Flow Regimes

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