Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Adenuga, Kayode I.; Mahmoud, Abubakar Sadiq; Dodo, Yakubu Aminu; Albert, Moutlen; Kori, Said Alkali; Danlami, Nusa Jibril

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-63654-8_16

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Agricultural expansion, in tandem with poor watershed management practices, is further aggravating the impacts of climate change in the region (Francisco and Camargo, 2020). In Africa, Sub-Saharan countries are the most vulnerable to the intensifying impacts of climate change (Kotir, 2010;Kula et al, 2013;Adenuga et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the performance of CORDEX regional climate models in simulating rainfall and air temperature over southwest Ethiopia

Demissie

Sime

2021

Heliyon

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This study analyzed the performance of four (REgional MOdel (REMO2009), High-Resolution Hamburg Climate Model 5 (HIRAM5), Climate Limited-Area Modeling Community (CCLM4-8) and Rossby Centre Regional Atmospheric Model (RCA4)) Regional Climate Models (RCMs) simulations from Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) Africa program. The simulation period of 1985-2005 was evaluated considering how each RCM simulated the observed rainfall and air temperature over southwest Ethiopia. It was found that all the RCMs simulated the seasonal rainfall, but not the peak rainfall, with all models including their ensemble underestimating the peak rainfall. However, the ensemble was better than the individual RCMs in simulating both rainfall and air temperature. All models were slightly biased around a warm climate zone in simulating maximum air temperature when compared to the simulation of air minimum temperature. Of the four RCMs, REMO2009 performed well in simulating the maximum and minimum air temperatures. The interseasonal variation in rainfall was greater than the seasonal variation in air temperature. In terms of cumulative distribution, the HIRAM5 captured more extreme rainfall events and overestimated the return period. Overall, the differences in performance among the RCMs provided strong evidence for the use of regional-scale data at the local scale in climate impact assessments being controversial. In relation to the spatial pattern of the rainfall, most of the models simulated the observed minimum rainfall in the north and northeast, medium rainfall in the central region, and maximum rainfall in the south and southwest of the study area. The overall results indicate that choosing a reliable RCM is fundamentally necessary to delivering a strong basis for any climate-change impact study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the performance of CORDEX regional climate models in simulating rainfall and air temperature over southwest Ethiopia

Demissie

Sime

2021

Heliyon

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“…A better understanding of hydrological processes across the continent therefore becomes fundamental for addressing these current challenges, for reducing uncertainty in future evolutions of water availability and for developing mitigation strategies (Adenuga et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Resources in Africa under Global Change: Monitoring Surface Waters from Space

et al. 2022

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The African continent hosts some of the largest freshwater systems worldwide, characterized by a large distribution and variability of surface waters that play a key role in the water, energy and carbon cycles and are of major importance to the global climate and water resources. Freshwater availability in Africa has now become of major concern under the combined effect of climate change, environmental alterations and anthropogenic pressure. However, the hydrology of the African river basins remains one of the least studied worldwide and a better monitoring and understanding of the hydrological processes across the continent become fundamental. Earth Observation, that offers a cost-effective means for monitoring the terrestrial water cycle, plays a major role in supporting surface hydrology investigations. Remote sensing advances are therefore a game changer to develop comprehensive observing systems to monitor Africa’s land water and manage its water resources. Here, we review the achievements of more than three decades of advances using remote sensing to study surface waters in Africa, highlighting the current benefits and difficulties. We show how the availability of a large number of sensors and observations, coupled with models, offers new possibilities to monitor a continent with scarce gauged stations. In the context of upcoming satellite missions dedicated to surface hydrology, such as the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT), we discuss future opportunities and how the use of remote sensing could benefit scientific and societal applications, such as water resource management, flood risk prevention and environment monitoring under current global change. Article Highlights The hydrology of African surface water is of global importance, yet it remains poorly monitored and understood Comprehensive review of remote sensing and modeling advances to monitor Africa’s surface water and water resources Future opportunities with upcoming satellite missions and to translate scientific advances into societal applications

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“…Given the spatially heterogeneous patterns of population exposure, there is a strong need for targeted regional interventions, keeping in focus the relative roles of population and environmental factors in driving exposure change. There is an urgent need for air pollution and climate change mitigation [56,57] in sub-Saharan Africa. This situation demands strategies to face the health risks associated with prolonged exposure to high PM 2.5 levels [58] as well as to enhance water resource management, promote sustainable agricultural practices, and improve community resilience to heat and drought-related challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantial increase in population exposure to multiple environmental burdens in sub-Saharan Africa (2000-2019)

Sikarwar,

Golaz

2024

Environ. Res. Lett.

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In the face of increasing global environmental uncertainties, sub-Saharan Africa stands as a highly vulnerable region with a massive population marked with poverty and inequalities. Moreover, different environmental risk factors can coexist simultaneously as multiple environmental burdens (MEB); however, population exposure to MEB remains unexamined. Here, using open-access spatial data and critical thresholds, we quantify population exposure to four key environmental risk factors: hazardous fine particulate matter (PM2.5) levels, extreme temperature increase, prolonged severe droughts, and green deficit (scarcity of green trees). Further, we explore the concept of MEB, where these risk factors converge. We derive exposure for 2000 and 2019 at the pixel (1 km grid cell) level. We also check how population change, environmental change, and their interaction contribute to the total change in exposure. We found substantial changes in the population exposed from 2000 to 2019, i.e., an increase of ~460 million people to hazardous PM2.5 levels, ~16 million to extreme temperature increase, ~13 million to prolonged severe droughts, and ~246 million to green deficit. Population exposure to at least three of these four environmental risk factors (3EB) has increased by ~246 million. In this increase in exposure to 3EB, the contribution of environmental change is higher (48%), than that of interaction and population change (36% and 15%, respectively). Notably, there are striking disparities in population exposure, its change, and the contributing effects among countries and regions of sub-Saharan Africa.

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Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation in Sub-Saharan African Countries

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Assessment of the performance of CORDEX regional climate models in simulating rainfall and air temperature over southwest Ethiopia

Assessment of the performance of CORDEX regional climate models in simulating rainfall and air temperature over southwest Ethiopia

Water Resources in Africa under Global Change: Monitoring Surface Waters from Space

Substantial increase in population exposure to multiple environmental burdens in sub-Saharan Africa (2000-2019)

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