Climate and Yield in a Closed Greenhouse

Heuvelink, E.; Bakker, M.J.; Marcelis, L.F.M.; Raaphorst, M.G.M.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2008.801.130

Cited by 55 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Infected stems were removed to prevent spreading of botrytis, which caused a diminished increase of the production in the closed greenhouse. It was also the reason for a lower actual yield increase in the closed greenhouse in some other studies (Heuvelink et al, 2008). Stem infection by botrytis increased as a function of air humidity, especially high humidity and wound spots on the stems providing a favourable condition for the development of botrytis (Eden et al, 1996).…”

Section: Productionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…A high CO 2 concentration (about 1000 ppm) is one of the typical climate characteristics of the (semi-)closed greenhouse , which increases the production in the (semi-)closed greenhouse (Heuvelink et al, 2008). In particular, combination of high CO 2 and high radiation that occurs during summer in a (semi-)closed greenhouse is impossible to be realized in an open greenhouse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Climate and Production in Closed, Semi-Closed and Open Greenhouses

Qian¹,

Dieleman²,

Elings³

et al. 2011

Acta Hortic.

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A (semi-)closed greenhouse is a novel greenhouse with an active cooling system and temporary heat storage in an aquifer. Air is cooled, heated and dehumidified by air treatment units. Climate in ( (55 kg m -2 ), respectively. Cumulative production in the closed greenhouse was 14% higher than in the open greenhouse in week 29 after planting but at the end of the experiment the cumulative increase was only 4% due to botrytis. Model calculations showed that the production increase in the closed and semi-closed greenhouses was explained by higher CO 2 concentration.

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Section: Productionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Climate and Production in Closed, Semi-Closed and Open Greenhouses

Qian¹,

Dieleman²,

Elings³

et al. 2011

Acta Hortic.

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“…In the Dutch greenhouse industry closed and semi-closed greenhouses were attractive mainly because of the potential to save energy. According to Heuvelink et al (2008) depending on the crop, energy costs in the Dutch greenhouse industry represent 15-20% of the total production costs. Furthermore, the annual gas consumption for greenhouse heating is about 10% of the national gas consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Bakker et al (2006) and Heuvelink et al (2008) on an annual basis the energy supply from the sun inside greenhouses in the Netherlands and other west European countries is about 2800-3000 MJ m -2 , which is 2-3 times more than the heating requirements. Thus, as pointed out by other researchers, the greenhouse can act as a huge solar energy collector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They reported on an energy reduction of 20-35%, an increment in tomato yield of 20%, an 80% reduction in pesticide application and 50% reduction in use of irrigation water. Heuvelink et al (2008) described results of a simulation study in which the effect of greenhouse climate on tomato yield in a closed greenhouse were investigated. Based on actual climatic conditions that were measured in an open and a closed greenhouse the simulations predicted an increase of 17% in yield; however the actual increases in yield were 9 and 16% in two successive years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Balance and Energy Partitioning in a Semi-Closed Greenhouse

Teitel¹,

Zwart²,

Kempkes³

2012

Acta Hortic.

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The concept of a closed (or semi-closed) greenhouse that is used to harvest solar energy can be attractive to reduce the fossil fuel input or for an increment of water use efficiency. To examine the concept, a 550 m 2 greenhouse was built in The Netherlands and experiments were carried out with a pepper crop. This paper reports only on the water balance during the summer period of such a greenhouse and examines the energy partitioning of the solar radiation in the greenhouse. Results show that the percentage of drainage out of the irrigation changed significantly among the days but was on average 34%. The major water input to the greenhouse came from irrigation and only a small fraction was due to fogging in some of the days. The remainder of irrigation minus drainage was transpired by the plants. On average, 15% of the water was lost from the greenhouse by exchange of vapor with the outside air. This was partly by leakage, but also deliberately when the greenhouse was ventilated with outside air to remove a moisture excess during night. The rest condensed, mainly on the heat exchangers of the cooling units, but partly on the roof and side walls as well. Thus, roughly 85% of water used for irrigation was recaptured. The results further show that the global radiation inside the greenhouse was on average 0.570.06 of the outside radiation. The heat load on the greenhouse was mainly removed by the overhead cooling units who removed sensible and latent heat with an average sensible to latent ratio of 0.62. This ratio changed among the days and increased approximately linearly with solar radiation. The energy extracted by the coolers was about 0.730.18 of the solar radiation entering the greenhouse, which means that it was 42% on average of the outside solar radiation.

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Biobased Polycarbonate as a Gas Separation Membrane and “Breathing Glass” for Energy Saving Applications

Hauenstein

Rahman

Elsayed

et al. 2017

Adv Materials Technologies

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of biobased diols with phosgene derivatives [2,4] and the catalytic copolymerization of sustainable epoxides and CO 2 . [5,6] The copolymerization of biobased epoxides and CO 2 is of particular interest as it combines the use of biobased raw materials and the reduction of CO 2 . The anthropogenic emission of CO 2 accumulates to 32 Gt each year, which is caused mainly by the incineration of carbon matter. CO 2 is a greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to the warming of the earth's atmosphere. [7] Global warming increases chances of catastrophic weather phenomena and a rising sea level and, thus, impacts on our everyday life dramatically. Measures have been taken to reduce the emission and to contain the rise of CO 2 levels in the atmosphere in the last few decades. Part of these measures can be described by the concepts of carbon capture and storage/utilization (CCS/CCU). [8][9][10] The CCU deals with the separation and transformation of CO 2 from process gases (e.g., combustion gases in power plants and natural gas) to prevent emission of the greenhouse gas into the atmosphere. The separation step is achieved by the use of either chemical/physical absorbents or organic/inorganic membrane materials. [9,11] The class of absorbents is dominated nowadays by alkanol amine solutions, for example, monoethanolamine and diethanolamine, which require high temperatures for regeneration of the solvent. [12,13] Hence, these "wet-scrubbing" processes are connected to a considerable energy penalty that adds to the total emission of CO 2 . [14] The more energy-efficient-though less developed-technology relies on the use of membrane materials that separate CO 2 from other process gases by size exclusion (mostly hybrid metal-organic frameworks) [15,16] or solubility/diffusivity mechanisms (polymeric membranes), respectively. [17,18] The latter comprise a group of polymeric materials that exhibit permeabilities P (rate of transport through the matrix) and selectivities α (preference of one gas over the other; in this article the "ideal selectivity" is calculated as the ratio of two permeabilities) extending over several orders of magnitude. [19] However, those materials suffer frequently from low long-term stability, known as aging, which has prevented industrial application so far. [20] The large volumes of CO 2 captured in the industrial processes are either stored in gas-tight (often natural) basins (CCS) [10] or transformed into high-value chemicals via various chemical routes (CCU). Some of those routes are The biobased poly(limonene carbonate) (PLimC) synthesized by catalytic copolymerization of trans-limonene oxide and CO 2 unifies sustainability, carbon capture and utilization of CO 2 in one material. Films of PLimC show surprisingly high gas permeation and good selectivity. Additionally, it is not only very permeable to gases, but also to light, while simultaneously being a good heat insulator and mechanically strong, representing a novel type of material that is defined here as "breathing glass." Hence, this stud...

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Climate and Yield in a Closed Greenhouse

Cited by 55 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of Climate and Production in Closed, Semi-Closed and Open Greenhouses

Comparison of Climate and Production in Closed, Semi-Closed and Open Greenhouses

Water Balance and Energy Partitioning in a Semi-Closed Greenhouse

Biobased Polycarbonate as a Gas Separation Membrane and “Breathing Glass” for Energy Saving Applications

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