Classification of the Severity of U.S. Army and Civilian Reports of Child Maltreatment

McCarroll, James E.; Ursano, Robert J.; Fan, Zizhong; Newby, John H.

doi:10.7205/milmed.169.6.461

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…An alternative hypothesis is that child abuse and neglect are less serious in the army than in the civilian sector of US society and that children are, in fact, not the victims of multiple maltreatments. In a previous paper, we found that differences in the army and the US were largely due to the high rates of neglect found in the US civilian sector (McCarroll et al, 2004b) and more physical abuse was classified as severe in the army (McCarroll et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in US Army child maltreatment reports: 1990–2004

et al. 2008

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We present the victim rates and severity of child maltreatment in US Army families by the sex of the child and parent from 1990-2004. Neglect rates decreased from a high point in 1991 to a low in 2000, but by 2004 the rates had increased to about the 1991 level. During two large-scale deployments of the US Army to the Middle East (1991 and 2002-2004), the rates of neglect increased. Neglect rates were highest for the youngest children and decreased as age increased. Physical abuse rates decreased from 1990-2004, but the decline was slowed during 2001-04. Physical abuse was more severe by male offenders.Emotional abuse showed wide fluctuations in rates. Emotional abuse rates were similar for boys and girls up to age 11, but the rates for older girls were higher. Sexual abuse had the lowest rates throughout the time of this report, decreasing from about 0.5/1000 to about 0.1/1000. The rates of physical abuse and neglect were generally higher for boys than for girls up to the teenage years when the rates reversed. Male offenders were more likely to maltreat children (even excluding sexual abuse) than were female offenders and offenders of both sexes were more likely to abuse male children. We provide suggestions for practice, prevention and research in child maltreatment. Published in

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in US Army child maltreatment reports: 1990–2004

et al. 2008

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“…The six studies presented in Table 3 compared child maltreatment in the military and civilian communities (Dubanoski & McIntosh, 1984;Gessner & Runyan, 1995;McCarroll et al, 2004aMcCarroll et al, , 2004bNorth Carolina Child Advocacy Institute, 2004;Raiha & Soma, 1997). Because the aims differed somewhat in each of these studies, the methods used to obtain military and civilian child abuse and neglect data did as well.…”

Section: Comparison Of Child Maltreatment In Military and Civilian Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Violence in the Military

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Martin

Gibbs

et al. 2006

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

104

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Family violence, including both child maltreatment and spouse abuse, is a public health concern in both military and civilian populations. However, there is limited knowledge concerning violence in military families relative to civilian families. This literature review critically reviews studies that examine child maltreatment and spouse abuse among military families and compares family violence in military versus nonmilitary populations. Physical abuse and neglect compose the majority of the reported and substantiated cases of child maltreatment in military families, followed by sexual abuse and emotional abuse. On the other hand, physical abuse represents more than 90% of all substantiated cases of spouse abuse in military families, followed by emotional abuse, neglect, and sexual abuse. Mixed results were found when comparing military and nonmilitary families in terms of child maltreatment and spouse abuse, in part because of a lack of consistency in policies and practices between military and civilian agencies.

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“…Investigations of additional, nonmilitary-related factors associated with elevated risk of child neglect types are needed to further advance understanding of the etiology of neglect types in both military and civilian families. Despite similarities in how child neglect is defined within military and civilian communities, rates of child neglect are higher in civilian compared to military families (McCarroll, Ursano, Fan, & Newby, 2004a, 2004b; Raiha & Soma, 1997) perhaps due to demographic and economic differences in the populations. For example, the Department of Defense (DOD) Family Advocacy Program (FAP) specifies that neglect entails “negligent treatment of a child through acts or omissions by an individual responsible for the child’s welfare under circumstances indicating the child’s welfare is harmed or threatened” (DOD Manual for Child Maltreatment and Domestic Abuse Incident Reporting System, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Associations Between Family Risk Factors and Child Neglect Types in U.S. Army Communities

et al. 2018

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Recent theory and empirical research suggest that child neglect is a heterogeneous phenomenon characterized by various types. This study examined family risk factors associated with five neglect types including failure to provide physical needs, lack of supervision, emotional neglect, moral-legal neglect, and educational neglect in 390 substantiated cases of neglect in four U.S. Army communities. Family factors associated with elevated risk of each neglect type relative to other types were identified using multivariate regression. Relatively distinct sets of family risk factors were differentially associated with the neglect types. Family mental health problems and larger family size were associated with risk of failure to provide physical needs, childcare problems and larger family size were associated with risk of supervisory neglect, and family disagreements were associated with risk of emotional neglect. None of the family factors were associated with elevated risk of moral-legal or educational neglect. Results can inform the development of indicated and relapse prevention strategies for families affected by different neglect types. Keywords child neglect, neglect types, child maltreatment, risk factors, military According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS, 2018), child neglect is the type of child maltreatment most frequently reported to Child Protective Services (CPS) and most frequently associated with child fatality. Yet childhood neglect has remained understudied compared to other types of child maltreatment. In addition, prior research has primarily focused on a broad, undifferentiated, general neglect construct despite growing theoretical and empirical support for the conceptualization of neglect as a heterogeneous phenomenon characterized by distinct types of neglectful caregiving (e.g.

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Classification of the Severity of U.S. Army and Civilian Reports of Child Maltreatment

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Trends in US Army child maltreatment reports: 1990–2004

Trends in US Army child maltreatment reports: 1990–2004

Family Violence in the Military

Associations Between Family Risk Factors and Child Neglect Types in U.S. Army Communities

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