Classical swine fever virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and identification of a T cell epitope

Pauly, Thomas H.; Elbers, Knut; König, Martin; Lengsfeld, T.; Saalmüller, Armin; Thiel, Heinz-Jürgen

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-76-12-3039

Cited by 113 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…They may play a role in vivo for clearing virus-infected cells and thus enabling the infected pigs to control CSFV replication by days 21 to 28 post-infection as shown by the results of RNA detection, and finally to escape the development of a chronic infection. Such a high and prolonged level of primary CTL activity was constrasting with the report of Pauly et al [15] in which repeated infections of pigs and in vitro re-stimulation were necessary for generating virus-specific CTLs. In our study, the in vitro re-stimulation increased the CTL activity in the two "chall" pigs but not in the others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…These mechanisms have also been demonstrated for the Pestiviruses bovine viral diarrhea virus [3] and border disease virus [34]. Pauly et al [15] demonstrated the existence of CSF-CTLs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from immunized pigs. However, nothing has been reported so far about the kinetics and the magnitude of CTL activity after natural infection or vaccination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (CSF) virus

et al. 2003

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-A better understanding of cell-mediated immune responses to classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is essential for the future development of improved vaccines. We analyzed the generation of cell-mediated and humoral immune responses in d/d histocompatible pigs following CSFV infection or vaccination. Viral infection induced high T cell responses with high primary and secondary CTL activity correlated with high IFN-g production, whereas vaccination with a live vaccine followed by infection mainly induced neutralizing antibody but low cell-mediated responses. Moreover, high IgG1 response was associated with high IFN-g response following infection whereas a weak IFN-g response was related to a good IgG2 response but a low IgG1 production. These data could reflect Th1/Th2-like balance of immune responses depending upon immunization protocols, which has not yet been described in the pig. T-cell responses to CSFV were evidenced by CSFV-specific CD25 upregulation on CD4 -CD8 + , but not on CD4 + CD8 -cells, which further illustrated the importance of CTL responses after infection. Our results indicated that generation of cell-mediated immune responses was much higher following intranasal/oral CSFV infection than after intramuscular vaccination, which implies that the capacity of new CSFV vaccines to induce higher T-cell responses should be considered. immunity / cytotoxicity / CSFV / d/d histocompatible pig

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (CSF) virus

et al. 2003

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“…Overall, induction of the T cell responses by NS3, especially the stimulated effector CTL, was comparable to the whole virus, indicating that NS3 contains immunodominant CTL epitope(s). This demonstrates that viral NS3 contains CTL epitopes in addition to the NS2 [1] and NS4 proteins [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Nevertheless, with viruses such as CSFV which produce a non-cytopathic infection in cells, and can thus persist in the host, one must consider both cytotoxic (CTL) and humoral (B lymphocyte) responses in the induction of protective immunity. T cell epitopes relating to the induction of virusspecific cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been identified on non-structural proteins of CSFV [1,25]. Consequently, the present work analysed for the first time porcine in vitro and in vivo immune responses against the recombinant non-structural NS3 protein of CSFV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the induction of potent CD8 + cytotoxic T cell responses has the potential to improve CSF vaccines. Consequently, the present study analysed the immunological properties of recombinant NS3, due to the observations that CSFV non-structural proteins carry T cell epitopes [1,25]. This was analysed in vitro and in vivo in terms of its contribution to protective immune responses induced in combination with an E2 subunit vaccine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo

Rau¹,

Revets

Balmelli³

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

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-Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs characterised by fever, severe leukopenia and haemorrhages. With vaccines having an importance in disease control, studies are seeking improved protein-based subunit vaccine against the virus (CSFV). In this respect, recombinant viral NS3 protein was analysed for its immunopotentiating capacity, particularly in terms of cytotoxic immune responses. NS3 was effective at inducing in vitro responses, quantified by lymphoproliferation, IFN-γ ELISPOT, flow cytometric detection of activated T cell subsets, and cytotoxic T cell assays. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CSFV-immune pigs could be stimulated, but not cells from naïve animals. In addition to the IFN-γ responses, induction of both CD4 + T helper cell and CD8 + cytotoxic T cells (CTL) were discernible -activation of the latter was confirmed in a virus-specific cytolytic assay. Attempts were made to translate this to the in vivo situation, by vaccinating pigs with an E2/NS3-based vaccine compared with an E2 subunit vaccine. Both vaccines were similar in their abilities to stimulate specific immune responses and protect pigs against lethal CSFV infection. Although the E2/NS3 vaccine appeared to have an advantage in terms of antibody induction, this was not statistically significant when group studies were performed. It was also difficult to visualise the NS3 capacity to promote T-cell responses in vivo. These results show that NS3 has potential for promoting cytotoxic defences, but the formulation of the vaccine requires optimisation for ensuring that NS3 is correctly delivered to antigen presenting cells for efficient activation of CTL.classical swine fever / subunit vaccine / E2 / NS3 / CTL

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Putative multiadhesive protein from the marine spongeGeodia cydonium: Cloning of the cDNA encoding a fibronectin-, an SRCR-, and a complement control protein module†

et al. 1998

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Sponges (Porifera) representing the simplest metazoan phylum so far have been thought to possess no basal lamina tissue structures. One major extracellular matrix protein that is also a constitutive glycoprotein of the basal lamina is fibronectin. It was the aim of the present study to identify the native protein from the marine sponge Geodia cydonium and to isolate the corresponding cDNA. In crude extracts from this sponge protein(s) of Mr of Ý230 and Ý210 kDa could be visualized by Western blotting using an anti‐fibronectin [human] antibody. By PCR cloning from a cDNA library of G. cydonium we isolated a cDNA comprising one element of fibronectin, the type‐III (FN3) module. The cDNA (2.3 kb long), encoding a 701 amino acid [aa] long putative “multiadhesive protein” termed MAP―GEOCY, was found to contain (i) a fibronectin‐, (ii) a scavenger receptor cysteine‐rich [SRCR]‐, and (iii) a short consensus repeat [SCR] module. The 89 aa long fibronectin module comprises the characteristic topology and conserved aa found in fibronectin type‐III (FN3) elements. The SRCR module (101 aa) features the characteristics of group B SRCR molecules. The predominant proteins belonging to this group are the mammalian WC1‐, M130‐, CD6‐ and CD5 antigens that probably are involved in immunological reactions. The SCR module (54 aa) shows the characteristics of type III SCR modules found in complement receptors. Phylogenetic analyses performed with all three building blocks of the “multiadhesive protein” showed that the respective sponge modules form independent, possibly basal, lineages in trees that include the corresponding modules from higher metazoan animals. In summary, these data demonstrate for the first time that the phylogenetically oldest Metazoa, the sponges, contain protein modules seen in higher animals in proteins of the extracellular matrix and in molecules involved in cell‐mediated immune reactions in vertebrates. J. Exp. Zool. 282:332–343, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Classical swine fever virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and identification of a T cell epitope

Cited by 113 publications

References 38 publications

Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (CSF) virus

Humoral and cell-mediated immune responses of d/d histocompatible pigs against classical swine fever (CSF) virus

Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo

Putative multiadhesive protein from the marine spongeGeodia cydonium: Cloning of the cDNA encoding a fibronectin-, an SRCR-, and a complement control protein module†

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