“…There has been a growing interest in pressure-driven membrane operations (microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, and reverse osmosis) for concentration of anthocyanin from dilute aqueous streams (Jiao, Cassano, & Drioli, 2004). Though pressure-driven membrane-based separations were demonstrated to concentrate anthocyanin (Ancillotti et al, 2017;Avram et al, 2017;Bánvölgyi, Horváth, Stefanovits-Bányai, Békássy-Molnár, & Vatai, 2009;Cassano et al, 2003;Cassano, Cabri, Mombelli, Peterlongo, & Giorno, 2016;Ferrarini, Versari, & Galassi, 2001;Popović, Pozderović, Jakobek, Rukavina, & Pichler, 2016;Vladisavljević, Vukosavljević, & Veljović, 2013;Yadav et al, 2016), membrane fouling compromises performance and the viability of these pressure-driven processes. Recent studies (Chandrasekhar & Raghavarao, 2015;Chanukya & Rastogi, 2017;Jampani & Raghavarao, 2015;Nayak & Rastogi, 2010;Nayak, Valluri, & Rastogi, 2011;Rastogi, Raghavarao, Balasubramaniam, Niranjan, & Knorr, 2007) have explored the use of forward osmosis for anthocyanin concentration.…”