Citrus rootstocks

Bowman, Kim D.; Joubert, J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812163-4.00006-1

Cited by 76 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…The fruit quality of sweet orange grafted onto trifoliate hybrids is usually higher in relation to trees grafted onto the Rangpur lime (Bowman & Joubert, 2020), which was confirmed in this work. Moreover, the selected rootstocks induced mean fruit quality throughout the initial seven crops within the average range or slightly above according to historical data on Valencia sweet orange processing in the State of Sao Paulo (Nonino, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, citrus breeding programs have been creating and introducing hybrid rootstocks that must tolerate CSD either drought, besides being productive and inducing high quality fruits for NFC juice (Schinor, Cristofani-Yaly, Bastianel, & Machado, 2013;Ramos et al, 2015). Citrandarins are hybrids of mandarins with trifoliate orange that were reported as promising rootstocks in several countries and specifically in Sao Paulo (Bowman & Joubert, 2020;Pompeu Junior & Blumer, 2011, 2009Blumer & Pompeu Junior, 2005;Pompeu Junior, Laranjeira, & Blumer, 2002). In this work, we evaluated the long term performance of Valencia sweet orange grafted onto 41 hybrid rootstocks in rainfed cultivation under tropical savannah climate in Brazil, in addition to three selections of the standard Rangpur lime and two selections of Sunki mandarin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybrid Rootstocks for Valencia Sweet Orange in Rainfed Cultivation Under Tropical Savannah Climate

Costa¹,

Stuchi²,

Girardi³

et al. 2020

JAS

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The performance of Valencia sweet orange grafted onto 41 hybrid citrus rootstocks was evaluated for 11 years in rainfed cultivation under tropical savannah climate (Aw type) in Brazil, in addition to three selections of the standard drought-tolerant Rangpur lime and two selections of Sunki mandarin. Drought tolerance, assessed by visual score of leaf wilting, was directly related to the mean fruit yield. Indio and Riverside citrandarins, Tropical Sunki mandarin and the hybrid TSKC × CTSW-028 were grouped with the most productive selections of Rangpur lime, all of them inducing large tree size, intermediate fruit production efficiency, and high drought tolerance. The hybrid TSK × TR English-CO was similar except by inducing a higher mean soluble solids concentration in the orange juice. A third group of rootstocks induced high yield and drought tolerance, and a mean 30% reduction in tree size that led to high production efficiency, which comprised the hybrids HTR-053, TSKC × (LCR × TR)-017 and-059, TSKC × CTSW-041, LCR × TR-001 and San Diego citrandarin. The tree mortality on Rangpur lime selections was as least as 46%, while more than 80% of trees grafted onto the aforementioned rootstocks survived without visual symptoms of citrus sudden death disease or graft incompatibility. The selected hybrids and Tropical Sunki mandarin also induced fruit quality, mainly soluble solids, superior to the Rangpur lime and, therefore, are potential rootstocks for rainfed cultivation of Valencia sweet orange.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Rootstocks for Valencia Sweet Orange in Rainfed Cultivation Under Tropical Savannah Climate

Costa¹,

Stuchi²,

Girardi³

et al. 2020

JAS

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“…Probably of even greater importance for a rootstock cultivar to be effectively propagated by seed, a high proportion of the seedlings must be strong growing and genetically identical to the parent cultivar. Nucellar polyembryony, which produces uniform and clonal (true-to-type) seedlings from a single seed, has traditionally been a major factor for selecting citrus rootstocks in breeding programs (Bowman and Joubert, 2020). This trait continues to be valuable for a new rootstock to have commercial success, even though alternative methods of vegetative propagation allow for potential commercialization where nucellar seedlings are never produced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rootstock is an important component of a healthy and productive citrus tree, influencing the fruit yield, fruit quality, tree size, and tolerance of diseases (Bowman and Joubert, 2020;Castle et al, 2011;McCollum and Bowman, 2017;Wutscher and Bowman, 1999). HLB disease (also known as citrus greening) is arguably the most important and most destructive disease in much of the world's citrus industry.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For these species, some or a large portion of the seedlings will therefore be genetically identical to the seed parent. Historically, clones have been used as citrus rootstocks only when they provide a relatively high proportion of genetically uniform nucellar seedlings (Bowman and Joubert, 2020). Eliminating the zygotic plants among primarily nucellar rootstock seedling populations in the citrus nursery is important to maintain genetic homogeneity, thereby assuring growers of uniform rootstock performance in the field (Ruiz et al, 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Seed and Seedling Nursery Characteristics for 10 USDA Citrus Rootstocks

Bisi¹,

Albrecht²,

Bowman³

2020

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Six new hybrid rootstocks, ‘US-1279’, ‘US-1281’, ‘US-1282’, ‘US-1283’, ‘US-1284’, and ‘US-1516’, were released from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) citrus breeding program to provide improved tree tolerance to huanglongbing (HLB), the most destructive disease facing the citrus industry in the United States and many other parts of the world. Five of these new rootstocks were released based on field performance in trials with the rootstocks propagated by stem cuttings, rather than the traditional propagation using nucellar seedlings. In this study, we evaluated the fruit, seed, and seedling characteristics of these new rootstocks, along with four other USDA rootstocks of commercial importance. The study included a determination of the percentage of true-to-type and off-type seedlings by both plant morphology and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. All 10 rootstocks produced an acceptable number of seeds and good seedling emergence from those seeds. The rootstocks ‘Swingle’, ‘US-802’, ‘US-812’, ‘US-1283’, ‘US-1284’, and ‘US-1516’ had a high percentage of true-to-type seedlings and correspondingly good potential to be propagated by seeds. However, no true-to-type plants were observed among seedlings from the rootstocks ‘US-1279’, ‘US-1281’, and ‘US-1282’, indicating that economical seed propagation will be impossible for these cultivars. The 10 SSR marker sets used in this study were observed to easily differentiate the 10 rootstocks studied, and readily distinguished true-to-type and off-type seedlings among progeny from all 10 rootstock clones. This study presents information of significant value for commercial nurseries involved in propagation of citrus rootstocks, and those involved in citrus rootstock breeding and development around the world. We propose the use of these 10 SSR marker sets as readily applicable for accurate identification of most citrus rootstock cultivars and their true-to-type seedlings.

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Citrus rootstocks modify scion antioxidant system under drought and heat stress combination

et al. 2021

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Key message The activation of the antioxidant system under stress combination is a transmissible trait from the rootstock to the scion. Therefore, rootstock selection is key to improve crop performance and a sustainable production under changing climate conditions. Abstract Climate change is altering weather conditions such as mean temperatures and precipitation patterns. Rising temperatures, especially in certain regions, accelerates soil water depletion and increases drought risk, which affects agriculture yield. Previously, our research demonstrated that the citrus rootstock Carrizo citrange (Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata) is more tolerant than Cleopatra mandarin (C. reshni) to drought and heat stress combination, in part, due to a higher activation of the antioxidant system that alleviated damage produced by oxidative stress. Here, by using reciprocal grafts of both genotypes, we studied the importance of the rootstock on scion performance and antioxidant response under this stress combination. Carrizo rootstock, under stress combination, positively influenced Cleopatra scion by reducing H2O2 accumulation, increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymatic activities and inducing SOD1, APX2 and catalase (CAT) protein accumulations. On the contrary, Cleopatra rootstock induced decreases in APX2 expression, CAT activity and SOD1, APX2 and CAT contents on Carrizo scion. Taken together, our findings indicate that the activation of the antioxidant system under stress combination is a transmissible trait from the rootstock to the scion and highlight the importance of the rootstock selection to improve crop performance and maintain citrus yield under the current scenario of climate change.

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Citrus rootstocks

Cited by 76 publications

References 96 publications

Hybrid Rootstocks for Valencia Sweet Orange in Rainfed Cultivation Under Tropical Savannah Climate

Hybrid Rootstocks for Valencia Sweet Orange in Rainfed Cultivation Under Tropical Savannah Climate

Seed and Seedling Nursery Characteristics for 10 USDA Citrus Rootstocks

Citrus rootstocks modify scion antioxidant system under drought and heat stress combination

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