Circumaortic left renal vein (circumaortic renal collar) associated with the presence of vascular anomalies: a case series and review of literature

Abstract

Renal vessels exhibit a high degree of anatomical variations in terms of their number, level of origin, diameter and topographical relationships. In particular, it applies to the left renal vein which can take retroaortic or even circumaortic placement. Anatomical variations of the left renal vein may be of great clinical significance, particularly in the case of renal transplantation, retroperitoneal surgery as well as vascular or diagnostic procedures. Thus, the aim of this report was to present a complete anatomical description of two cases of the circumaortic left renal vein (CLRV; circumaortic renal collar) co-existing with the presence of various vascular anomalies. In the first case, the circumaortic renal collar was connected via a large anastomosis with the hemiazygos vein and was associated with the presence of the supernumerary left renal artery located below the main left renal artery. In the second case, the circumaortic renal collar was accompanied by the renal artery dividing close to its origin. Moreover, in the latter case, the fusiform aneurysm of the abdominal aorta was observed. In both cases, the CLRV began as a single and short trunk. On its further course, the initial segment of the CLRV was divided into two limbs-anterior (anterior left renal vein) and posterior (posterior left renal vein). Both anterior and posterior limb of the CLRV opened into the inferior vena cava.

Pelvic Venous Congestion Secondary to a Circumaortic Renal Collar in an Adolescent Female: Report of a Case

“…The incidence of venous collar is low, although it differs from 0.3 to 8.7% depending on the author. 9 Despite this, if all small retroaortic veins that empty into the ICV are considered, the incidence of a circumaortic LRV could be as high as 16%. 7 It occurs with a similar frequency in both sexes and may be accompanied by atypical topographical relationships between renal vessels, as well as by the possibility of cooccurrence of arterial variations.…”

“…7 It occurs with a similar frequency in both sexes and may be accompanied by atypical topographical relationships between renal vessels, as well as by the possibility of cooccurrence of arterial variations. 9 Knowledge of these anatomical variants may be crucial during retroperitoneal surgery and renal transplants to avoid complications such as massive hemorrhage. 10 On further consideration, the clinical importance of a circumaortic LRV is the presence of a posterior or anterior nutcracker phenomenon.…”

“…The incidence of venous collar is low, although it differs from 0.3 to 8.7% depending on the author. 9 Despite this, if all small retroaortic veins that empty into the ICV are considered, the incidence of a circumaortic LRV could be as high as 16%. 7 …”

“…It occurs with a similar frequency in both sexes and may be accompanied by atypical topographical relationships between renal vessels, as well as by the possibility of cooccurrence of arterial variations. 9 …”

Left double polar renal arteries, left triplicate (preaortic, accessory and retroaortic) renal veins associated with extrinsic pelviureteric junction obstruction and posterior nutcracker phenomenon

“… 2 These is true in cases of renal transplantation, retroperitoneal surgery and other interventional procedures. 3 Radiological diagnosis on variant renovascular anatomy may obviate untoward effects associated with surgical procedures such as laparoscopic surgery. 4 The repair of renal vessels in laparoscopy is much more difficult compared to open surgery, often causing haemorrhage, a need for transfusion or conversion to laparotomy.…”