Circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations are higher in abdominal versus peripheral obesity

Tsigos, Constantine; Kyrou, Ioannis; Chala, Eftychia; Tsapogas, Panayotis; Stavridis, John C.; Raptis, Sotirios A.; Katsilambros, Nikolaos

doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(99)90277-9

Cited by 217 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The production of TNF␣ and IL-6 increase [14] while adiponectin is reduced [9] in obesity. Similar to the current study Tsigos et al reported that plasma TNF␣ positively correlates with abdominal obesity [15]; however, there is no consensus about the contribution of fat depots to circulating levels of TNF␣ [14]. The increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines in adipose tissue is closely linked to the increase in adipose tissue resident macrophages [16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Control [9] Placebo [15] Pioglitazone [16] Fenofibrate [16] Fasting insulin (mU/ml) Integrated insulin response was calculated using area under the curve (AUC) of serum insulin at 30 min intervals up to 180 min during 75 g OGTT. Fasting insulin and insulin AUC values were transformed to natural logarthims for statistical analysis.…”

Section: Oral Glucose Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fenofibrate and pioglitazone improve endothelial function and reduce arterial stiffness in obese glucose tolerant men

et al. 2007

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Oral Glucose Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Fenofibrate and pioglitazone improve endothelial function and reduce arterial stiffness in obese glucose tolerant men

et al. 2007

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“…[10][11][12]17 Reproductive age, nonpregnant obese women were found to have higher TNFα concentrations compared to nonpregnant lean subjects of similar age. 18,19,24 In these studies, TNFα concentrations correlated directly with waist to hip ratio (WHR) and glucose tolerance test insulin levels, but not with BMI, and was higher in obese women with a WHR greater than 0.90. 24 This was not the case in our study of pregnant women.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 88%

A Comparison of Circulating TNF-α in Obese and Lean Women with and without Preeclampsia

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et al. 2008

Hypertension in Pregnancy

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Objectives: We hypothesized that TNFα would be higher in obese versus lean preeclamptic subjects. Methods:Total plasma TNFα was measured in a nested case-control study of 123 nulliparous lean and obese control and preeclamptic subjects.Results: Adjusted mean TNFα concentrations were 0.97±0.11 (pg/ml ± SEM) in lean controls, 1.01 ±0.10 in obese controls, 1.43±0.11 in lean preeclamptics and 1.16±0.11 in obese preeclamptics. Pregnancy outcome was the single predictor of TNFα concentration in the general linear regression model (p=0.04). Conclusion:TNFα concentration was higher in preeclamptic compared to control subjects. Obesity was not associated with higher TNFα concentrations in preeclamptic or control subjects.

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“…TNF-␣ has been demonstrated to interfere with insulin signaling, thereby contributing to insulin resistance (30,31). Moreover, higher plasma TNF-␣ concentration and bioactivity were found in patients with android obesity compared with patients with peripheral obesity (32,33). This latter group of patients had the same (34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-beta1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity.

et al. 2000

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In adipose tissue from both obese mice and humans, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) expression has been reported to be upregulated to levels of increased plasma PAI-1. This elevated expression has been shown to be partly controlled by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣ in mice. In humans, increased PAI-1 expression is associated with insulin resistance characterized by visceral fat accumulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of PAI-1 and TNF-␣ (antigen and mRNA) in visceral human adipose fat in comparison with subcutaneous (SC) fat. Because transforming growth factor (TGF)-␤ 1 is a potent inducer of PAI-1 synthesis and has been shown to influence adipocyte metabolism, this work was extended to TGF-␤ 1 quantification. A total of 32 obese individuals (BMI 42 ± 6.8 kg/m 2 ) were investigated. Freshly collected visceral adipose tissue did not exhibit a higher content of PAI-1 or TGF-␤ 1 than did SC tissue. Although most of the TNF-␣ values were at the detection limit of the methods, TNF-␣ antigen was 3-fold higher and TNF-␣ mRNA was 1.2-fold higher in visceral fat. The levels of tissue TGF-␤ 1 antigen correlated well with those of PAI-1 antigen, regardless of the fat depot studied (SC tissue: n = 21, r = 0.72, P = 0.0006; visceral tissue: n = 20, r = 0.49, P < 0.03), and they were both significantly associated with BMI. Conversely, no relationship was observed between the levels of TNF-␣ and PAI-1 or TNF-␣ and BMI. Tissue PAI-1 levels were also significantly correlated with those of circulating PAI-1. These results describe, in severe obesity, a proportional increase in tissue PAI-1 and TGF-␤ 1 in visceral and SC tissues. This increased PAI-1 expression could be the result of tissue cytokine disturbances, such as elevated TGF-␤ 1 expression.

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Circulating tumor necrosis factor alpha concentrations are higher in abdominal versus peripheral obesity

Cited by 217 publications

References 23 publications

Fenofibrate and pioglitazone improve endothelial function and reduce arterial stiffness in obese glucose tolerant men

Fenofibrate and pioglitazone improve endothelial function and reduce arterial stiffness in obese glucose tolerant men

A Comparison of Circulating TNF-α in Obese and Lean Women with and without Preeclampsia

Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, transforming growth factor-beta1, and BMI are closely associated in human adipose tissue during morbid obesity.

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